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Cardiovascular risk in myositis patients compared with the general population

Sabina Oreska1,2, Hana Storkanova1,2, Aneta Pekacova1,2

  • 1Institute of Rheumatology, Prague, Czech Republic.

Rheumatology (Oxford, England)
|June 6, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Patients with idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM) have higher cardiovascular risks and subclinical atherosclerosis than healthy controls. Traditional risk scores are inaccurate for predicting CV risk in IIM patients.

Area of Science:

  • Rheumatology
  • Cardiology
  • Vascular Medicine

Background:

  • Idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM) are associated with increased cardiovascular (CV) morbidity and mortality.
  • Understanding the CV risk profile in IIM patients is crucial for early detection and prevention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate cardiovascular risk in IIM patients compared to healthy controls (HC).
  • To assess the association of CV risk with disease-specific features in IIM.
  • To determine the accuracy of traditional CV risk scores in IIM.

Main Methods:

  • Ninety IIM patients and 180 age-/sex-matched HC were included, excluding those with pre-existing CV disease.
  • Vascular assessments included carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT), pulse wave velocity (PWV), and ankle-brachial index (ABI).
  • Cardiovascular risk was assessed using the Systematic COronary Risk Evaluation (SCORE) and modified versions.

Main Results:

  • IIM patients exhibited a higher prevalence of traditional CV risk factors, carotid artery disease (CARD), and abnormal ABI/PWV compared to HC.
  • Even after matching for traditional risk factors, CARD and abnormal PWV remained significantly higher in IIM patients.
  • Traditional risk scores (e.g., SCORE) were inaccurate for predicting CV risk in IIM, with age, disease activity, and other factors being significant predictors.

Conclusions:

  • IIM patients face a significantly higher burden of traditional CV risk factors and subclinical atherosclerosis.
  • Current CV risk prediction models may underestimate risk in IIM, necessitating tailored assessment strategies.
Abstract

Keywords:
atherosclerosiscardiovascular riskinflammationmyositis

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