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PERIODIC CHANGES IN THE CONTENT OF PROTEIN-BOUND SULFHYDRYL GROUPS AND TENSION AT THE SURFACE OF STARFISH OOCYTES IN CORRELATION WITH THE MEIOTIC DIVISION CYCLE.

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MARKED DECREASE IN THE RIGIDITY OF STARFISH OOCYTES INDUCED BY 1-METHYLADENINE

Shin-Ichi Nemoto¹, Mitsuki Yoneda², Isao Uemura³

¹Tateyama Marine Laboratory, Ochanomizu University, Tateyama, Chiba 294-03.

Development, Growth & Differentiation

|June 7, 2023

Summary

Immature starfish oocytes become less rigid during maturation induced by 1-methyladenine (1-MeAde). This change in stiffness indicates early cytoplasmic events preceding germinal vesicle breakdown.

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Area of Science:

Developmental Biology
Cellular Mechanics
Reproductive Biology

Background:

Immature starfish oocytes exhibit extreme rigidity.
Maturation involves significant cellular changes.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate changes in oocyte rigidity during maturation.
To identify early indicators of maturation processes.

Main Methods:

Measuring oocyte rigidity using a compression method.
Inducing maturation with 1-methyladenine (1-MeAde) and dithiothreitol.
Using cytochalasin B to assess stiffness reversibility and enucleation.

Main Results:

Oocyte rigidity significantly decreased within 5-9 minutes of 1-MeAde treatment, preceding germinal vesicle breakdown.
Dithiothreitol induced similar changes in stiffness.
Cytochalasin B reversibly reduced stiffness without affecting maturation and enabled enucleation.
Non-nucleate fragments retained stiffness, which also decreased with 1-MeAde treatment.

Conclusions:

Oocyte stiffness serves as a quantitative marker for early maturation events.
Cytoplasmic changes influencing rigidity are crucial for germinal vesicle breakdown.
Mechanisms affecting cytoskeletal components play a role in oocyte maturation.