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Ana Carolina Silveira Rabelo1, Giuliana Noratto2, Jessica Borghesi3

  • 1Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, 05508-270, Brazil.

Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry
|June 7, 2023
PubMed
Summary

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Calotropis procera, a traditional medicinal plant, shows potential pharmacological effects due to its phytochemicals. However, more research, including clinical trials, is needed to validate its benefits and assess toxicity risks.

Area of Science:

  • Ethnobotany
  • Pharmacology
  • Phytochemistry

Background:

  • Calotropis procera (milkweed) is traditionally used for gastric, skin, and inflammatory conditions.
  • Scientific evidence on its pharmacological effects and use as complementary medicine is reviewed.
  • Phytochemicals in C. procera are explored for their biological activities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current scientific evidence on the pharmacological effects of C. procera.
  • To identify research opportunities for C. procera as complementary and alternative medicine.
  • To assess the validity of traditionally claimed health benefits.

Main Methods:

  • Literature search in major scientific databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, etc.).
  • Keywords used: Calotropis procera, medicinal plants, toxicity, phytochemical characterization, biological effects.
Keywords:
Anti-cancerAnti-inflammatoryAntioxidantCardenolidesMedicinal plantsMilkweedSteroid glycoside and flavonoids

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  • Data collected on identified phytochemicals and their associated biological activities.

    • Main Results:

    • C. procera contains cardenolides, steroid glycosides, flavonoids, lignans, terpenes, coumarins, and phenolic acids.
    • These metabolites are linked to antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antitumoral, hypoglycemic, and antimicrobial activities.
    • Concerns raised regarding study limitations (single/high doses) and potential toxicity (heavy metals).

    Conclusions:

    • The validity of C. procera's biological activity requires further investigation due to study limitations.
    • Potential risks and heavy metal toxicity necessitate careful consideration.
    • Further research, including bioassay-guided isolation, bioavailability, efficacy, in vivo, and clinical trials, is crucial to support traditional claims.