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High-Performance Aqueous Zinc-Ion Batteries Based on Multidimensional V

Junzhi Hong1, Ling Xie1, Chenglong Shi1

  • 1School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China.

Small Methods
|June 7, 2023
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a novel vanadium oxide nanocomposite for aqueous zinc-ion batteries, enhancing stability and conductivity. The material demonstrates excellent capacity and cycle life, suppressing zinc dendrite formation.

Keywords:
V2O3Zn dendritesaqueous zinc‐ion batterieselectrolyte additivesmultidimensional structures

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Energy Storage

Background:

  • Vanadium-based cathode materials suffer from poor conductivity and instability in aqueous zinc-ion batteries.
  • Zinc dendrite growth poses a significant risk of internal short circuits.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design a multidimensional nanocomposite to improve electrochemical performance.
  • To enhance structural stability and electronic conductivity of cathode materials.
  • To suppress zinc dendrite growth in aqueous electrolytes.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a V2O3 nanosheet/single-walled carbon nanohorn/reduced graphene oxide (V2O3@SWCNHs@rGO) nanocomposite via freeze-drying and calcination.
  • Utilizing Na2SO4 as an additive in a ZnSO4 electrolyte to improve ionic conductivity and suppress dendrite growth.
  • Electrochemical characterization including cycling performance and capacity retention.

Main Results:

  • The V2O3@SWCNHs@rGO electrode exhibited a high initial discharge capacity of 422 mAh g-1 at 0.2 A g-1.
  • The electrode maintained a capacity of 283 mAh g-1 after 1000 cycles at 5 A g-1.
  • The addition of Na2SO4 effectively prevented cathode material dissolution and suppressed zinc dendrite formation.

Conclusions:

  • The designed multidimensional nanocomposite significantly enhances structural stability and electronic conductivity.
  • The optimized electrolyte additive successfully suppresses dendrite growth and improves battery safety.
  • The V2O3@SWCNHs@rGO composite shows great promise as a high-performance cathode for aqueous zinc-ion batteries.