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Phase Engineering of Intermetallic PtBi

Xianbiao Fu1, Hongjian Li1, Aoni Xu2

  • 1Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, People's Republic of China.

Nano Letters
|June 7, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed novel two-dimensional PtBi2 nanoplates under mild conditions for direct formic acid fuel cells. These catalysts show significantly enhanced activity and CO tolerance for the formic acid oxidation reaction (FAOR).

Keywords:
formic acid electrochemical oxidationintermetallic compoundsphase engineeringtolerance to CO poisoningtwo-dimensional nanoplates

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Catalysis

Background:

  • Phase engineering of platinum-based intermetallic catalysts is a key strategy for improving direct formic acid fuel cell performance.
  • Platinum-bismuth (Pt-Bi) intermetallic catalysts offer high activity and CO poisoning resistance for the formic acid oxidation reaction (FAOR).
  • Conventional synthesis methods for intermetallic compounds often require high temperatures, limiting control over size and composition.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize intermetallic β-PtBi2 and γ-PtBi2 two-dimensional (2D) nanoplates with controlled size and composition under mild conditions.
  • To investigate the effect of different PtBi2 phases on catalytic performance for the FAOR.
  • To evaluate the CO poisoning tolerance of the synthesized PtBi2 catalysts.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of 2D intermetallic β-PtBi2 and γ-PtBi2 nanoplates using mild reaction conditions.
  • Characterization of synthesized nanoplates for controlled size and composition.
  • Electrocatalytic testing of nanoplates for the formic acid oxidation reaction (FAOR).
  • In situ infrared absorption spectroscopy to assess CO poisoning tolerance.

Main Results:

  • Successfully synthesized intermetallic β-PtBi2 and γ-PtBi2 2D nanoplates with controlled dimensions and composition under mild conditions.
  • The β-PtBi2 nanoplates demonstrated a superior mass activity of 1.1 ± 0.01 A mgPt-1 for the FAOR, representing a 30-fold improvement over commercial Pt/C catalysts.
  • The intermetallic PtBi2 catalysts exhibited significant tolerance to CO poisoning during the FAOR.

Conclusions:

  • Mild-condition synthesis enables precise control over the phase, size, and composition of intermetallic PtBi2 nanoplates.
  • The β-PtBi2 phase shows exceptional catalytic activity and stability for the FAOR, outperforming commercial catalysts.
  • Intermetallic PtBi2 is a highly promising catalyst for direct formic acid fuel cells due to its enhanced activity and CO tolerance.