Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 27, 2025

Technical Refinement of a Bilateral Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion Mouse Model for Acute Kidney Injury Research
03:13

Technical Refinement of a Bilateral Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion Mouse Model for Acute Kidney Injury Research

Published on: November 3, 2023

2.3K

Characteristics of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients in Riyadh province, Saudi Arabia: a cross-sectional study

Alyaman Almiro1,2, Osamah AlQassab2, Rasmieh Alzeidan2

  • 1College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine
|June 7, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) in Saudi Arabia shows young patients and low bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) rates. Children and in-hospital arrests were more likely to receive bystander CPR.

Area of Science:

  • Emergency medicine
  • Public health

Background:

  • Limited research exists on out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) in Saudi Arabia.
  • Understanding OHCA patient characteristics and bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) predictors is crucial for improving outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) patients in Saudi Arabia.
  • To identify predictors of bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in OHCA cases.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional study using data from the Saudi Red Crescent Authority (SRCA) emergency medical services (EMS).
  • Included 1,023 OHCA cases in Riyadh province from June 2020 to May 2021.
  • Multivariate regression analysis was used to determine independent predictors of bystander CPR.

Main Results:

  • The average age of OHCA patients was 57.2 years, with 65.2% being male.
  • Bystander CPR was performed in 12.7% of cases, significantly higher in children (27.3%) versus adults (12.1%).
  • Independent predictors for bystander CPR included being a child (OR=3.26) and OHCA occurring in a healthcare institution (OR=6.35).

Conclusions:

  • Saudi Arabian OHCA cases present with distinct characteristics, including younger age, low bystander CPR rates, and long EMS response times.
  • Urgent attention is needed to improve OHCA care in Saudi Arabia.
  • Being a child and the location of OHCA (healthcare institution) are significant predictors of bystander CPR.
Abstract

Keywords:
RiyadhSaudi Arabiacardiac arrestcardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR)emergency medical services (EMS)out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA)

More Related Videos

Standardized Model of Ventricular Fibrillation and Advanced Cardiac Life Support in Swine05:36

Standardized Model of Ventricular Fibrillation and Advanced Cardiac Life Support in Swine

Published on: January 30, 2020

7.8K
Ultrasonographic Assessment During Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation06:04

Ultrasonographic Assessment During Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation

Published on: October 24, 2020

6.6K

Related Concept Videos

Introduction Cardiac Emergencies01:30

Introduction Cardiac Emergencies

Cardiac emergencies are critical situations involving the heart that require immediate medical intervention to prevent severe complications or death. These emergencies often arise from underlying heart conditions that impair the heart's ability to function correctly.Types of Cardiac EmergenciesThe most common types of cardiac emergencies include Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS), myocardial infarction (MI), cardiac arrest, and heart failure.Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS)Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS)...
36
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation I: Adult01:21

Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation I: Adult

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation, or CPR, is a life-saving emergency procedure performed when a person's heart has stopped beating or they are no longer breathing. The foundation of CPR is Basic Life Support (BLS), which focuses on the early recognition of cardiac arrest, the immediate start of high-quality chest compressions, and the timely use of an automated external defibrillator (AED).Assessing Responsiveness and Checking the Carotid PulseWhen approaching an unresponsive person, first ensure...
22
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation III: AED Use01:23

Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation III: AED Use

Introduction to AEDAn Automated External Defibrillator (AED) is a portable medical device that analyzes the heart's rhythm and, if necessary, delivers an electrical shock to help the heart re-establish an effective rhythm during sudden cardiac arrest (SCA). SCA occurs when the heart suddenly and unexpectedly stops beating, leading to a loss of blood flow to the brain and other vital organs. In such emergencies, time is of the essence, and using an AED, combined with Cardiopulmonary...
42
Acute Coronary Syndrome III: Diagnostic Studies01:30

Acute Coronary Syndrome III: Diagnostic Studies

Diagnosing acute coronary syndrome or ACS begins with a thorough patient history. Notable symptoms include central, crushing chest pain radiating to the left arm, neck, jaw, or back, along with shortness of breath, sweating (diaphoresis), nausea, vomiting, dizziness, and palpitations.It is crucial to note any history of cardiac illnesses and assess risk factors, including age, gender, smoking, hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and a sedentary lifestyle.During physical examination, vital...
11
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation IV: Pharmacological Management01:25

Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation IV: Pharmacological Management

Pharmacologic intervention is crucial in treating cardiac arrest patients during ACLS or Advanced Cardiovascular Life Support. The ACLS algorithms guide the administration of specific drugs based on the patient's cardiac arrest rhythm, which includes pulseless ventricular tachycardia (VT), ventricular fibrillation (VF), asystole, and pulseless electrical activity (PEA).EpinephrineIndication: Epinephrine is the first-line drug for all cardiac arrest rhythms.Mechanism of Action: Epinephrine...
29
Acute Coronary Syndrome V: Nursing Management01:26

Acute Coronary Syndrome V: Nursing Management

Nursing Assessment:Nursing management of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) involves taking the patient's history, focusing on primary complaints such as chest pain, dyspnea, and excessive sweating (diaphoresis), as well as other symptoms like back or jaw pain, nausea, vomiting, palpitations, dizziness, and fatigue. The nurse also reviews the patient's history of cardiac events, risk factors such as hypertension, diabetes, smoking, family history, and current medications.In the objective assessment,...
18