Endogenous and imposed determinants of apoptotic vulnerabilities in cancer
Kristopher A Sarosiek1, Kris C Wood2
1Molecular and Integrative Physiological Sciences Program, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
Abstract:
The intrinsic apoptosis pathway is controlled by the BCL-2 family of proteins. Although the pro-survival members of this family can help cancer cells evade apoptosis, they may also produce apoptotic vulnerabilities that can potentially be exploited therapeutically. Apoptotic vulnerabilities can be driven by endogenous factors including altered genetics, signaling, metabolism, structure and lineage or differentiation state as well as imposed factors, the most prominent being exposure to anti-cancer agents. The recent development of BH3 mimetics that inhibit pro-survival BCL-2 family proteins has allowed these apoptotic vulnerabilities to be targeted with demonstrable clinical success. Here, we review the key concepts that are vital for understanding, uncovering, and exploiting apoptotic vulnerabilities in cancer for the potential improvement of patient outcomes.
Insights
The BCL-2 protein family controls apoptosis. Targeting cancer cell vulnerabilities with BH3 mimetics offers a promising therapeutic strategy to improve patient outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Molecular Biology
- Cancer Biology
- Cell Death Research
Background:
- The intrinsic apoptosis pathway is regulated by the BCL-2 protein family.
- Pro-survival BCL-2 proteins aid cancer cells in evading apoptosis, creating therapeutic vulnerabilities.
- These vulnerabilities can arise from genetic, metabolic, or signaling alterations, or from anti-cancer treatments.
Approach:
- Reviewing key concepts in cancer apoptosis.
- Identifying and understanding cancer cell apoptotic vulnerabilities.
- Exploring therapeutic strategies targeting these vulnerabilities.
Key Points:
- BH3 mimetics are a novel class of drugs that inhibit pro-survival BCL-2 proteins.
- BH3 mimetics have shown significant clinical success in targeting cancer cell apoptosis.
- Exploiting apoptotic vulnerabilities can lead to improved cancer treatment outcomes.
Conclusions:
- Targeting cancer cell apoptotic vulnerabilities is a critical area of cancer research.
- BH3 mimetics represent a powerful tool for exploiting these vulnerabilities.
- Further research into apoptotic vulnerabilities holds promise for enhancing cancer therapy and patient survival.
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