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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 27, 2025

A Customizable Approach for the Enzymatic Production and Purification of Diterpenoid Natural Products

A Customizable Approach for the Enzymatic Production and Purification of Diterpenoid Natural Products

Published on: October 4, 2019

Exoproducts of the Most Common

Cecilia Sahl^1,2, Maria Baumgarten¹, Oonagh Shannon¹

¹Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Division of Infection Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.

Microbiology Spectrum

|June 7, 2023

Summary

Achromobacter species cause significant airway inflammation in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients, comparable to Pseudomonas aeruginosa. These bacteria, often misidentified by diagnostics, are important pathogens requiring treatment.

Keywords:

Achromobacter dolens Achromobacter insuavis Achromobacter ruhlandii Achromobacter xylosoxidans Pseudomonas aeruginosa cystic fibrosis in vitro inflammatory responses

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Published on: June 24, 2016

Area of Science:

Microbiology
Immunology
Pulmonology

Background:

Achromobacter species are Gram-negative bacteria causing persistent airway infections in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients.
The clinical significance and virulence of different Achromobacter species in CF are not well understood.
Current diagnostic methods like MALDI-TOF MS struggle to differentiate between Achromobacter species.

Purpose of the Study:

To compare the in vitro phenotypes and pro-inflammatory properties of four Achromobacter species (A. xylosoxidans, A. dolens, A. insuavis, A. ruhlandii).
To assess the inflammatory response of CF bronchial epithelial cells and leukocytes to Achromobacter exoproducts.
To evaluate the potential of Achromobacter species as significant CF pathogens.

Main Methods:

In vitro stimulation of CF bronchial epithelial cells and healthy donor whole blood with bacterial supernatants.
Analysis of inflammatory mediators (IL-6, IL-8) using ELISA.
Assessment of leukocyte activation (neutrophils, monocytes) via flow cytometry.
Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) for morphology, motility, and biofilm assays.

Main Results:

All tested Achromobacter species, except A. insuavis, induced significant IL-6 and IL-8 secretion from CF lung epithelium.
The inflammatory response induced by Achromobacter exoproducts was equivalent or stronger than that of Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
All Achromobacter species activated neutrophils and monocytes ex vivo in a lipopolysaccharide-independent manner.
SEM revealed morphological differences, but no significant variations in motility or biofilm formation were observed.

Conclusions:

Exoproducts from the four studied Achromobacter species exhibit potent pro-inflammatory capabilities.
Achromobacter species are equally or more capable of inducing inflammation compared to Pseudomonas aeruginosa in vitro.
These findings highlight Achromobacter species as significant airway pathogens in CF, warranting therapeutic consideration.