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Sampling volume assessment for wearable multimodal optical diagnostic device.

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Summary

Numerical simulations show that the diagnostic volume in wearable devices for laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF) and fluorescence spectroscopy (FS) varies with tissue properties and device configuration, ranging from 2 to 7 mm3.

Keywords:
Monte Carlo simulationsfluorescence spectroscopylaser doppler flowmetryoptical noninvasive diagnosticsoptical propertieswearable device

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Optical Diagnostics
  • Computational Modeling

Background:

  • Wearable diagnostic devices integrating multiple optical techniques like laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF) and fluorescence spectroscopy (FS) are emerging for real-time health monitoring.
  • Accurate characterization of the sampling volume is crucial for the reliability and clinical utility of these multimodal devices.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To numerically simulate optical radiation propagation within a wearable multimodal device.
  • To investigate the factors influencing the diagnostic volume in laser Doppler flowmetry and fluorescence spectroscopy channels.
  • To establish requirements for wearable multimodal devices based on simulation results.

Main Methods:

  • Monte Carlo simulations were employed to model light propagation.
  • A multilayered skin model was developed, incorporating variations in blood and melanin content.
  • Source-detector distances and optical properties of scattering media were systematically varied.

Main Results:

  • The diagnostic volume was shown to be dependent on anatomical features and device technical parameters.
  • The sampling volume was quantified, ranging from 2 to 7 mm3 based on optical properties and source-detector configuration.
  • Simulation results illustrate the impact of tissue heterogeneity on optical measurements.

Conclusions:

  • The study provides critical insights into the behavior of optical radiation within wearable diagnostic systems.
  • Understanding diagnostic volume variations is essential for optimizing the design of multimodal wearable devices.
  • The findings support the development of specific medical and technical requirements for advanced wearable LDF and FS systems.