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Related Experiment Videos

Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide provokes acetylcholine release from the myenteric plexus.

M Kusunoki, L H Tsai, K Taniyama

    The American Journal of Physiology
    |July 1, 1986
    PubMed
    Summary

    Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) triggers guinea pig intestinal muscle contractions by releasing acetylcholine (ACh) and stimulating neurons. This peptide directly impacts smooth muscle and influences both cholinergic and noncholinergic excitatory pathways.

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    Area of Science:

    • Gastroenterology
    • Neurogastroenterology
    • Pharmacology

    Background:

    • Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) is a neuropeptide found in the gastrointestinal tract.
    • Its role in regulating intestinal motility and neurotransmission is complex and not fully elucidated.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the effects of VIP on acetylcholine (ACh) release from guinea pig small intestine.
    • To determine the mechanisms underlying VIP-induced contractions in longitudinal smooth muscle preparations.

    Main Methods:

    • Longitudinal muscle (LM) strips with myenteric plexus from guinea pig small intestine were used.
    • Concentration-dependent contractions and [3H]ACh release were measured in response to VIP.
    • Pharmacological agents like tetrodotoxin and scopolamine were employed to dissect neuronal pathways.

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    Main Results:

    • VIP induced concentration-dependent contractions of LM preparations.
    • VIP significantly increased [3H]ACh release in a calcium-dependent and tetrodotoxin-sensitive manner.
    • VIP-induced contractions involved both direct smooth muscle effects and indirect neuronal stimulation.

    Conclusions:

    • VIP directly stimulates guinea pig longitudinal smooth muscle.
    • VIP enhances ACh release from cholinergic neurons and stimulates noncholinergic excitatory neurons.
    • VIP plays a significant role in regulating intestinal motility through complex neural pathways.