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One-Trial Appetitive Learning Tasks for Drug Targeting.

Robert Lalonde1, Catherine Strazielle1,2

  • 1Laboratory of Stress, Immunity, Pathogens (EA 7300), Medical School, University of Lorraine, 54500 Vandoeuvre-les- Nancy, France.

CNS & Neurological Disorders Drug Targets
|June 8, 2023
PubMed
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One-trial appetitive learning, a model for retrograde amnesia, shows similar neurochemical underpinnings across species. This research highlights conserved mechanisms in learning and memory, particularly in taste and odor learning tasks.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Comparative Psychology
  • Behavioral Pharmacology

Background:

  • One-trial passive avoidance learning is a standard model for studying retrograde amnesia.
  • This learning paradigm involves a single learning trial followed by a retention test.
  • Physiological manipulations can induce amnesia in this model.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the neurochemical basis of one-trial appetitive learning across different species.
  • To explore the similarities and differences in learning and memory mechanisms between various organisms.
  • To establish one-trial appetitive learning as a versatile model for studying amnesia.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized one-trial appetitive learning paradigms in rats, birds, snails, bees, and fruit flies.
Keywords:
Instrumental learningcholinergic receptorselectroconvulsive shockfood motivationpavlovian conditioningretrograde amnesia.water motivation

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  • Administered physiological manipulations such as electroconvulsive shock and drug injections.
  • Assessed the effects of protein synthesis inhibition, cholinergic receptor blockade, genetic modifications, and aging on learning and memory.

    • Main Results:

    • One-trial appetitive learning in rodents is susceptible to amnesia induced by electroconvulsive shock and drug treatments.
    • Taste and odor learning tasks in various species demonstrated associations between stimuli and contextual cues or unconditioned stimuli.
    • The odor-related task in bees showed sensitivity to protein synthesis inhibition and cholinergic blockade, mirroring rodent passive avoidance responses.
    • The fruit fly task exhibited sensitivity to genetic modifications and aging, consistent with findings in rodents.

    Conclusions:

    • Converging evidence suggests interspecies similarities in the neurochemical basis of learning.
    • One-trial appetitive learning serves as a valuable tool for comparative studies of memory and amnesia.
    • The findings underscore the conserved nature of learning and memory mechanisms across diverse animal taxa.