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Related Concept Videos

CNS Stimulants: Psychedelic Agents01:22

CNS Stimulants: Psychedelic Agents

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Hallucinogens, also known as psychedelic drugs, are a class of substances known for their ability to alter perception, cognition, and emotions. Despite their profound effects on the mind, these drugs are non-addictive, setting them apart from many other abused substances. The mechanism of action of these drugs lies in their impact on the 5-HT2A receptor in the brain. Upon activation, this receptor couples to Gq-type G proteins, triggering a cascade that releases intracellular calcium. This...
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Hallucinogens and Psychedelics01:27

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Hallucinogens are psychoactive substances that profoundly alter perceptual experiences, generating unreal visual and sensory images. Often referred to as psychedelic drugs — a term derived from the Greek words "psyche" (mind) and "delos" (revealing) — these substances include marijuana and lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), among others. These drugs vary in intensity and effects.
Marijuana, derived from the dried leaves and flowers of the hemp plant, contains...
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Acute psilocybin increased cortical activities in rats.

Junhong Liu1, Yuanyuan Wang1,2, Ke Xia1

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neuropsychopharmacology, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China.

Frontiers in Neuroscience
|June 8, 2023
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Summary

Psilocybin significantly increases brain activity and functional connectivity in rats, particularly in cortical and striatal areas. These findings in rodents mirror human responses, suggesting shared neurobiological mechanisms for psilocybin

Keywords:
5-HT2ABOLDEGR1 (early growth response protein 1)depressionfMRIfunctional connectivity (FC)psilocybinpsychedelics

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Pharmacology
  • Neuroimaging

Background:

  • Psilocybin, a compound in magic mushrooms, has psychoactive effects, but its mechanisms are not fully understood.
  • Blood-oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is valuable for studying brain activity changes noninvasively.
  • Previous research has not thoroughly investigated fMRI effects of psilocybin in rats.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of psilocybin on resting-state brain activity and functional connectivity (FC) in rats.
  • To correlate brain activity changes with the expression of EGR1, an immediate early gene linked to depressive symptoms.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized BOLD fMRI to measure brain activity and FC in rats after psilocybin administration.
  • Employed immunofluorescence (IF) to assess EGR1 levels in brain tissue.
  • Conducted region-of-interest (ROI)-wise FC analysis and seed-based analyses.

Main Results:

  • Psilocybin (2.0 mg/kg) induced positive brain activity in frontal, temporal, and parietal cortices, hippocampus, and striatum.
  • Increased functional connectivity was observed between the cingulate cortex, dorsal striatum, prelimbic, and limbic regions.
  • Acute psilocybin administration elevated EGR1 levels across the brain, consistent with observed hyperactivity.

Conclusions:

  • Psilocybin induces a hyperactive brain state in rats, characterized by increased activity and connectivity in key brain regions.
  • The observed neurobiological effects in rats are congruent with those seen in humans, suggesting conserved mechanisms.
  • These findings provide insights into the neurobiological underpinnings of psilocybin's pharmacological effects.