Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Development of Antibiotic Resistance01:30

Development of Antibiotic Resistance

50
Antibiotic resistance is a major public health concern that arises when bacteria evolve mechanisms to withstand the effects of antibiotic treatments. This resistance can be intrinsic, acquired through genetic mutations, or transferred between bacteria via horizontal gene transfer. The development of antibiotic resistance poses significant challenges in treating bacterial infections and necessitates ongoing research to develop new therapeutic strategies.Intrinsic resistance occurs when bacterial...
50
Modern Molecular Taxonomy01:29

Modern Molecular Taxonomy

56
Advancements in molecular biology have revolutionized the identification and characterization of bacteria, with multiple methods leveraging DNA sequencing for enhanced precision. As sequencing technologies improve and costs decline, these approaches are increasingly used in clinical, environmental, and evolutionary studies.Multilocus Sequence Typing (MLST) examines several housekeeping genes, essential chromosomal genes encoding cellular functions, to distinguish strains. Approximately...
56

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Impact of Stent Type on Surgical Outcomes in Pancreatic Cancer Patients Undergoing Preoperative Biliary Drainage.

Digestive endoscopy : official journal of the Japan Gastroenterological Endoscopy Society·2026
Same author

Conversion surgery for unresectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma with liver metastasis at initial diagnosis: a nationwide multicenter study.

Journal of gastroenterology·2026
Same author

Association of a novel glycemic control index, time in range, with infectious complications after pancreatectomy.

Hepatobiliary surgery and nutrition·2026
Same author

Clinical characteristics and mortality of critically ill patients with chikungunya infection: a multicenter study in Paraguay.

BMC infectious diseases·2026
Same author

Childhood mortality from acute diarrheal disease in Paraguay and vaccination impact: a 31-year ecological study.

Epidemiology and health·2026
Same author

Clinicopathological Factors on Survival after Conversion Surgery for Unresectable Locally Advanced Pancreatic Cancer: A Nationwide Study by the Japanese Society of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery.

Annals of surgery·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 27, 2025

Capsular Serotyping of Streptococcus pneumoniae by Latex Agglutination
09:11

Capsular Serotyping of Streptococcus pneumoniae by Latex Agglutination

Published on: September 25, 2014

21.9K

Serotypes and antimicrobial resistance of

María Eugenia León1, Margarita Samudio2, Aníbal Kawabata1

  • 1Laboratorio Central de Salud Pública, Asunción, Paraguay.

Journal of Medical Microbiology
|June 8, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) in Paraguay shifted serotype distribution and reduced penicillin resistance in meningitis cases. However, increased resistance to other antibiotics and non-vaccine serotypes may impact vaccine effectiveness.

Keywords:
Streptococcus pneumoniaeantimicrobial susceptibilityconjugate vaccinespneumococcal disease

More Related Videos

Isolation and Identification of Waterborne Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria and Molecular Characterization of their Antibiotic Resistance Genes
08:58

Isolation and Identification of Waterborne Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria and Molecular Characterization of their Antibiotic Resistance Genes

Published on: March 3, 2023

6.6K
Capsular Serotyping of Streptococcus pneumoniae Using the Quellung Reaction
04:25

Capsular Serotyping of Streptococcus pneumoniae Using the Quellung Reaction

Published on: February 24, 2014

45.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 27, 2025

Capsular Serotyping of Streptococcus pneumoniae by Latex Agglutination
09:11

Capsular Serotyping of Streptococcus pneumoniae by Latex Agglutination

Published on: September 25, 2014

21.9K
Isolation and Identification of Waterborne Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria and Molecular Characterization of their Antibiotic Resistance Genes
08:58

Isolation and Identification of Waterborne Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria and Molecular Characterization of their Antibiotic Resistance Genes

Published on: March 3, 2023

6.6K
Capsular Serotyping of Streptococcus pneumoniae Using the Quellung Reaction
04:25

Capsular Serotyping of Streptococcus pneumoniae Using the Quellung Reaction

Published on: February 24, 2014

45.8K

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Streptococcus pneumoniae causes significant mortality and morbidity in children globally, despite vaccination efforts.
  • Understanding pneumococcal serotype distribution and antimicrobial resistance is crucial for public health decision-making, especially in Paraguay.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze pneumococcal serotype distribution and antimicrobial resistance patterns in children under 5 in Paraguay.
  • To evaluate changes before and after the introduction of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs).

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of 885 isolates and 278 PCR-positive clinical specimens from 2006-2020.
  • Utilized conventional and molecular microbiological techniques for confirmation and characterization.
  • Compared pneumococcal disease characteristics across pre-vaccination, post-PCV10, and post-PCV13 periods.

Main Results:

  • Serotypes covered by PCV10 significantly decreased post-vaccination, while PCV13-covered and non-PCV13 serotypes increased.
  • Penicillin resistance in meningitis cases decreased post-vaccination; no ceftriaxone resistance was observed.
  • Non-meningitis cases showed slight decreases in penicillin and ceftriaxone resistance but increased resistance to erythromycin and tetracycline.

Conclusions:

  • A shift in circulating pneumococcal serotypes and antimicrobial resistance patterns was observed following PCV introduction.
  • The rise of non-vaccine serotypes and multidrug resistance (8.5%) poses a potential challenge to the long-term success of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines.