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Direct Re-implantation of Left Coronary Artery into the Aorta in Adults with Anomalous Origin of Left Coronary Artery from the Pulmonary Artery ALCAPA
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Coronary Artery Anomalies: A Short Case Series and Current Review

Md Mashiul Alam1, Tasniem Tasha2, Ammy S Ghosh3

  • 1Internal Medicine, Bridgeport Hospital/Yale University, Bridgeport, USA.

Cureus
|June 9, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Coronary artery anomalies (CAAs), rare congenital heart defects, can cause serious issues including sudden cardiac death (SCD) in athletes. This study reviews CAA cases, diagnostic methods, and treatments for better patient management.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Congenital Cardiovascular Defects

Background:

  • Coronary artery anomalies (CAAs) are uncommon congenital cardiovascular defects.
  • Their presentation varies based on the abnormal coronary artery fistula's origin, course, and termination.
  • CAAs are often incidentally discovered during coronary angiography or autopsies.

Observation:

  • While many adults with CAAs are asymptomatic, some may develop symptoms like angina, heart failure, myocardial infarction, cardiomyopathy, or ventricular aneurysms.
  • Coronary artery anomalies are the second leading cause of sudden cardiac death (SCD) in young athletes.
  • This series presents five illustrative cases of CAAs, highlighting diverse clinical manifestations.

Findings:

  • The study reviews various types of coronary artery anomalies.
  • It discusses current diagnostic tools and therapeutic strategies for managing CAAs.
  • Case examples demonstrate the wide spectrum of CAA presentations and potential complications.

Implications:

  • Increased awareness and further research are crucial for efficient management of patients with CAAs.
  • Understanding the varied presentations of CAAs can improve early diagnosis and intervention.
  • This review provides valuable insights for clinicians dealing with rare congenital coronary artery anomalies.

Keywords:
coronary arterycoronary artery anomalous origincoronary artery fistuladouble right coronary arteryintrinsic coronary artery anomaly

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