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Vision

Vision

Vision is the result of light being detected and transduced into neural signals by the retina of the eye. This information is then further analyzed and interpreted by the brain. First, light enters the front of the eye and is focused by the cornea and lens onto the retina—a thin sheet of neural tissue lining the back of the eye. Because of refraction through the convex lens of the eye, images are projected onto the retina upside-down and reversed.

Depth Perception and Spatial Vision

Depth Perception and Spatial Vision

Depth perception is the ability to perceive objects three-dimensionally. It relies on two types of cues: binocular and monocular. Binocular cues depend on the combination of images from both eyes and how the eyes work together. Since the eyes are in slightly different positions, each eye captures a slightly different image. This disparity between images, known as binocular disparity, helps the brain interpret depth. When the brain compares these images, it determines the distance to an object.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 27, 2025

Author Spotlight: Insights into Visual Cortex Research Through Wide-View fMRI Mapping

Author Spotlight: Insights into Visual Cortex Research Through Wide-View fMRI Mapping

Published on: December 8, 2023

Immersive scene representation in human visual cortex with ultra-wide angle neuroimaging.

Jeongho Park¹, Edward Soucy², Jennifer Segawa²

¹Department of Psychology, Harvard University.

Biorxiv : the Preprint Server for Biology

|June 9, 2023

Summary

Immersive visual scenes activate brain regions in the medial cortex, not traditional scene-processing areas. This suggests unique pathways for processing peripheral visual information.

Keywords:

cortical organization functional MRI peripheral vision scene representation

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Last Updated: Jul 27, 2025

Author Spotlight: Insights into Visual Cortex Research Through Wide-View fMRI Mapping

Author Spotlight: Insights into Visual Cortex Research Through Wide-View fMRI Mapping

Published on: December 8, 2023

Topographical Estimation of Visual Population Receptive Fields by fMRI

Topographical Estimation of Visual Population Receptive Fields by fMRI

Published on: February 3, 2015

3D Scanning Technology Bridging Microcircuits and Macroscale Brain Images in 3D Novel Embedding Overlapping Protocol

3D Scanning Technology Bridging Microcircuits and Macroscale Brain Images in 3D Novel Embedding Overlapping Protocol

Published on: May 12, 2019

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Visual Perception
Cognitive Science

Background:

Human vision spans 220°, but fMRI studies typically use limited central displays (10-15°).
How the brain represents scenes across the full visual field remains largely unknown.

Approach:

Developed a novel ultra-wide angle visual presentation method (175° field-of-view) using mirrors and a curved screen.
Utilized custom virtual environments to prevent perceptual distortion in scene images.

Key Points:

Immersive scene perception preferentially activates medial cortex with far-peripheral specializations.
Classic scene-selective regions showed minimal modulation by visual size changes.
Scene and face-selective areas retained content preferences even with central vision loss (scotoma).

Conclusions:

Far-peripheral information is not always integrated into standard scene-processing computations.
High-level visual areas can be accessed without direct central visual field stimulation.
This research clarifies content vs. peripheral preferences in scene representation and opens new neuroimaging avenues.