Positional Differences in Absolute vs. Relative Training Loads in Elite Academy Soccer Players

Area of Science:

• Sports Science
• Exercise Physiology
• Soccer Performance Analysis

Background:

• Traditional training load reporting uses absolute values, failing to account for specific positional demands in elite soccer.
• Individualizing training loads is essential for optimizing player development and performance in elite academies.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate and compare absolute and relative training loads across various playing positions in elite academy soccer players.
• To determine if absolute or relative training load metrics better reflect positional demands during the in-season period.

Main Methods:

• Utilized global positioning system (GPS) data to monitor 24 elite academy soccer players across five positions.
• Calculated absolute training load metrics (total distance, moderate-speed, high-speed, sprint distances, accelerations, decelerations).
• Derived relative training loads by normalizing absolute loads against mean competitive match values, analyzed daily relative to match day (MD).

Main Results:

• Wide midfielders (WM) showed greater absolute moderate-speed distance than central defenders (CD), but lower relative loads.
• Central defenders (CD) exhibited higher relative moderate-speed distances than other positions on specific days relative to match day.
• Absolute high-speed distances were greater for full backs (FB) and WM compared to CD, with no significant differences in relative values.

Conclusions:

• Absolute training loads can underestimate the demands on central defenders (CD) and overestimate for wide midfielders (WM).
• Relative training loads provide a more accurate, individualized assessment of training load by considering competitive positional demands.
• Implementing relative training load calculations is recommended for effective training individualization in elite soccer academies.