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Updated: Jul 27, 2025

In Vitro Ovule Cultivation for Live-cell Imaging of Zygote Polarization and Embryo Patterning in Arabidopsis thaliana
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Control of ovule development in

Songlin Zhang1,2, Li Wang1,3, Jin Yao1,2

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.

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|June 9, 2023
PubMed
Summary

The grapevine gene VvMADS28 is crucial for seed development. Its reduced expression, linked to epigenetic changes, causes seedlessness in grapes, impacting ovule morphogenesis and cell development.

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Area of Science:

  • Plant Molecular Biology
  • Reproductive Biology
  • Epigenetics

Background:

  • Seedless grapes are highly desirable, making seed development a key breeding target.
  • Understanding the genetic and epigenetic factors controlling ovule and seed development is essential for grape breeding.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of the grapevine MADS-box gene VvMADS28 in ovule and seed development.
  • To elucidate the regulatory mechanisms underlying VvMADS28 expression and its impact on seed formation.

Main Methods:

  • Gene expression analysis (mRNA accumulation) in seeded and seedless grape cultivars.
  • Histone modification analysis (H3K27me3) in the VvMADS28 promoter region.
  • RNA interference (RNAi) for gene silencing in grape.
  • Heterologous gene expression in transgenic tomatoes.
  • Yeast-based protein interaction assays.
  • DNA-affinity purification-sequencing (DAP-seq) to identify gene targets.

Main Results:

  • VvMADS28 is highly expressed in ovules of seeded grapes but weakly in seedless grapes, where its promoter is trimethylated (H3K27me3).
  • Suppression of VvMADS28 in seeded grapes inhibits seed and fruit development.
  • VvMADS28 interacts with VvMADS5 and is regulated by VvERF98.
  • VvMADS28 binds to the promoter of the VvWUS gene, suggesting a role in maintaining WUSCHEL expression for seed development.

Conclusions:

  • VvMADS28 plays a critical role in grapevine ovule morphogenesis and seed development.
  • Epigenetic regulation, specifically H3K27me3, influences VvMADS28 expression and contributes to seedlessness.
  • The VvMADS28-VvMADS5 dimer and its regulation of VvWUS are key to seed development homeostasis.