Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Stress Prevention and Stress Management Techniques II01:23

Stress Prevention and Stress Management Techniques II

62
Personality types, particularly Type A and Type B, significantly influence how individuals respond to stress. These personality distinctions are marked by varying levels of ambition, competitiveness, and coping styles, all of which shape an individual's resilience to stressors.
Type A Personality: Driven and Easily Stressed
Individuals with Type A personalities are often highly competitive and ambitious and operate with a strong sense of urgency. Commonly labeled as...
62
Framing Effects03:26

Framing Effects

7.4K
Information is everywhere and its presentation—such as how and when items are presented—can impact our perceptions and decisions surrounding the info. This broad concept umbrellas framing effects—influences that occur due to the way information is framed in its appearance, whether it’s purely the order or the specific wording of a message. Let’s take a look at numerous ways in which two versions of something can objectively say the same thing, yet we respond in...
7.4K
Self-Discrepancy Theory02:45

Self-Discrepancy Theory

18.4K
One influential perspective on what motivates people's behavior is detailed in Tory Higgin's self-discrepancy theory (Higgins, 1987). He proposed that people hold disagreeing internal representations of themselves that lead to different emotional states.  
18.4K
Theory of Romantic Attachment in Adulthood03:34

Theory of Romantic Attachment in Adulthood

43.5K
Attachment is a long-standing connection or bond with others. While Attachment Theory was conceived in developmental psychology to describe infant-caregiver bonding, it's been extended into adulthood to include romantic relationships. 
43.5K
Socioemotional Experience and Gender Development01:30

Socioemotional Experience and Gender Development

58
Social-emotional experiences and cultural influences play significant roles in shaping gender development. During middle childhood, from ages 6 to 11, peer groups become dominant in reinforcing gender norms. Children in this age group often align with same-gender peer groups, which actively encourage behaviors that conform to traditional gender roles. For instance, boys may be discouraged from engaging in activities perceived as feminine, reinforcing culturally dictated norms about masculinity...
58
Panic Disorder01:27

Panic Disorder

150
Panic disorder is an anxiety disorder characterized by recurrent and sudden minutes-long episodes of intense fear, known as panic attacks. These attacks may feel like heart attacks and often happen without warning or a specific cause. They can include symptoms such as rapid heart rate, shortness of breath, chest pain, trembling, sweating, dizziness, and a sense of helplessness. During a panic attack, individuals may feel as though they are experiencing a heart attack or are in a...
150

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

What Childhood Leaves Behind: Cognitive Ability and Trust in Adulthood.

Personality & social psychology bulletin·2026
Same author

Associations of genetic variants for educational success with risk and time preferences vary by childhood environment.

Communications psychology·2026
Same author

Asymmetric Anticipatory Emotions and Economic Preferences: Dread, Savoring, Risk, and Time.

Cognitive science·2026
Same author

IQ, genes, and miscalibrated expectations.

Journal of personality and social psychology·2025
Same author

Looking on the (B)right Side of Life: Cognitive Ability and Miscalibrated Financial Expectations.

Personality & social psychology bulletin·2023
Same author

Neither an Optimist Nor a Pessimist Be: Mistaken Expectations Lower Well-Being.

Personality & social psychology bulletin·2020

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 27, 2025

Measuring the Subjective Value of Risky and Ambiguous Options using Experimental Economics and Functional MRI Methods
13:04

Measuring the Subjective Value of Risky and Ambiguous Options using Experimental Economics and Functional MRI Methods

Published on: September 19, 2012

12.1K

Gender differences in optimism, loss aversion and attitudes towards risk.

Chris Dawson1

  • 1School of Management, University of Bath, Bath, UK.

British Journal of Psychology (London, England : 1953)
|June 9, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Gender differences in financial optimism and financial loss aversion significantly explain variations in risk-taking behavior. These psychological traits account for a substantial portion of the observed gender gap in financial risk tolerance.

Keywords:
Big Fivegenderloss aversionoptimismrisk preferences

More Related Videos

Protocol for Studying Extinction of Conditioned Fear in Naturally Cycling Female Rats
09:07

Protocol for Studying Extinction of Conditioned Fear in Naturally Cycling Female Rats

Published on: February 23, 2015

13.5K
Author Spotlight: Understanding Adolescent Social Adversity Effects on Neurodevelopment in Mice
07:15

Author Spotlight: Understanding Adolescent Social Adversity Effects on Neurodevelopment in Mice

Published on: March 15, 2024

1.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 27, 2025

Measuring the Subjective Value of Risky and Ambiguous Options using Experimental Economics and Functional MRI Methods
13:04

Measuring the Subjective Value of Risky and Ambiguous Options using Experimental Economics and Functional MRI Methods

Published on: September 19, 2012

12.1K
Protocol for Studying Extinction of Conditioned Fear in Naturally Cycling Female Rats
09:07

Protocol for Studying Extinction of Conditioned Fear in Naturally Cycling Female Rats

Published on: February 23, 2015

13.5K
Author Spotlight: Understanding Adolescent Social Adversity Effects on Neurodevelopment in Mice
07:15

Author Spotlight: Understanding Adolescent Social Adversity Effects on Neurodevelopment in Mice

Published on: March 15, 2024

1.6K

Area of Science:

  • Behavioral Economics
  • Psychology
  • Financial Decision-Making

Background:

  • Established gender differences exist in risk-taking attitudes.
  • Risk assessment involves evaluating outcome probability and subjective valuation of negative outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate the role of financial optimism and financial loss aversion in explaining gender differences in risk-taking.
  • Determine if these psychological characteristics account for the observed gender gap in financial risk tolerance.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized large-scale panel data from the United Kingdom.
  • Employed statistical analysis to examine the relationship between psychological traits and risk-taking behavior.
  • Controlled for the Big Five personality traits to isolate the impact of financial optimism and loss aversion.

Main Results:

  • Financial optimism and financial loss aversion substantially explain gender differences in willingness to take financial risks.
  • These psychological factors account for a significant proportion of the gender gap in risk tolerance.
  • The findings persist even after controlling for the Big Five personality traits.

Conclusions:

  • Financial optimism and financial loss aversion are key psychological drivers of gender differences in financial risk-taking.
  • These characteristics offer a more nuanced explanation of gender-based risk behavior than personality traits alone.
  • Understanding these psychological factors is crucial for financial education and policy.