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Published on: January 28, 2019
Investigating association between inflammatory bowel disease and rotavirus vaccination in a paediatric cohort in the
Aidan Flatt1,2, Thomas Inns2, Kate M Fleming1
1Institute of Population Health, Department of Public Health, Policy and Systems, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
Insights
This study found no significant link between infant rotavirus vaccination and the development of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in children. The research provides further evidence supporting the safety of rotavirus vaccines.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Gastroenterology
- Vaccinology
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) incidence is rising in UK pediatric populations.
- Environmental factors, such as acute gastroenteritis (AGE), may influence IBD development.
- Infant rotavirus vaccination reduces AGE, prompting investigation into its potential impact on IBD.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between live oral rotavirus vaccination and the subsequent development of IBD in children.
- To assess the safety profile of rotavirus vaccines concerning IBD risk.
Main Methods:
- Population-based cohort study utilizing UK primary care data (Clinical Practice Research Datalink Aurum).
- Analysis of children born between 2010-2015, followed from 6 months to 7 years.
- Cox regression analysis adjusted for confounding factors to determine the hazard ratio for IBD following rotavirus vaccination.
Main Results:
- A cohort of 907,477 children was analyzed, with 96 cases of IBD.
- The adjusted hazard ratio for rotavirus vaccination and IBD was 1.19 (95% CI 0.53-2.69), indicating no statistically significant association.
- The study found no statistically significant association between rotavirus vaccination and IBD development.
Conclusions:
- Live oral rotavirus vaccination is not significantly associated with an increased risk of developing IBD in children.
- The findings contribute to the body of evidence supporting the safety of rotavirus vaccination programs.
Abstract:
In the UK, the incidence and prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is increasing in paediatric populations. Environmental factors including acute gastroenteritis episodes (AGE) may impact IBD development. Infant rotavirus vaccination has been shown to significantly reduce AGE. This study aims to explore the association between vaccination with live oral rotavirus vaccines and IBD development. A population-based cohort study was used, analysing primary care data from the Clinical Practice Research Datalink Aurum. Participants included children born in the UK from 2010 to 2015, followed from a minimum of 6 months old to a maximum of 7 years old. The primary outcome was IBD, and the primary exposure was rotavirus vaccination. Cox regression analysis with random intercepts for general practices was undertaken, with adjustment for potential confounding factors. In a cohort of 907,477 children, IBD was recorded for 96 participants with an incidence rate of 2.1 per 100,000 person-years at risk. The univariable analysis hazard ratio (HR) for rotavirus vaccination was 1.45 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.93-2.28). Adjustment in the multivariable model attenuated the HR to 1.19 (95% CI 0.53-2.69). This study shows no statistically significant association between rotavirus vaccination and development of IBD. However, it provides further evidence for the safety of live rotavirus vaccination.
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