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Related Concept Videos

Psychosis and Antipsychotic Drugs: Overview01:28

Psychosis and Antipsychotic Drugs: Overview

351
The term "psychosis" refers to a spectrum of mental disorders characterized by abnormal thoughts, perceptions, and behaviors. It can manifest as mood disorders, dementia, delirium with psychotic features, substance-induced psychosis with psychotic features, brief psychotic disorder, delusional disorder, schizoaffective disorder, and schizophrenia. Among all these disorders, schizophrenia is the most common psychotic disorder, affecting 1% of the worldwide population. Psychotic...
351
Psychosis: Pathophysiology of Schizophrenia and Other Psychotic Disorders01:27

Psychosis: Pathophysiology of Schizophrenia and Other Psychotic Disorders

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Schizophrenia is a neurodevelopmental disorder whose origins are rooted in complex genetic components. Despite our burgeoning understanding, the pathophysiology of this disorder remains incompletely deciphered.
Researchers have identified genetic factors that increase susceptibility to schizophrenia, underscoring the intricate interplay between genetics and environment in disease development. At the core of schizophrenia's pathophysiology is excessive dopaminergic neurotransmission within...
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Psychosis: Goals of Pharmacotherapy01:26

Psychosis: Goals of Pharmacotherapy

172
Antipsychotic drugs are a crucial treatment method for acute and chronic psychoses, bipolar illness, and behavioral disorders. The selection of these drugs depends on several factors, including the state of the disease, clinical judgment, possible drug interactions, and the patient's sensitivity to adverse effects. In immediate scenarios, such as delirium and dementia, short-term treatment with low doses of high-potency typical or atypical agents can effectively manage symptom exacerbation.
172
Hypertension I: Introduction01:28

Hypertension I: Introduction

26
Hypertension is a widespread, long-term medical condition where blood pressure in the arteries remains elevated. It is characterized by systolic blood pressure readings of 130 mm Hg or above or diastolic blood pressure (DBP) readings of 80 mm Hg or higher. Unmanaged hypertension poses significant health risks, making the distinction between primary (or essential) hypertension and secondary hypertension crucial, as their management and implications vary.Primary HypertensionPrimary hypertension,...
26
Hypertension II: Pathophysiology01:29

Hypertension II: Pathophysiology

22
Hypertension is a chronic condition in which the blood's force against artery walls is excessively high, posing risks such as heart disease. The condition's underlying mechanisms involve complex interactions among the cardiovascular, kidney, and autonomic nervous systems.Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS): This system significantly influences blood pressure regulation. When blood pressure decreases, the kidneys secrete renin. This enzyme transforms angiotensinogen, a plasma protein,...
22
Hypertension III: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies01:30

Hypertension III: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies

34
Hypertension is asymptomatic and also referred to as the "silent killer" until it progresses to a severe stage or causes target organ disease. Patients may experience symptoms stemming from the strain on blood vessels and tissues in various organs or the heart's increased workload.Physical exams might show no abnormalities other than high blood pressure. Signs of vascular damage, when present, correspond to the organs supplied by the affected vessels, leading to target organ damage. For...
34

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Handwriting Analysis Indicates Spontaneous Dyskinesias in Neuroleptic Naïve Adolescents at High Risk for Psychosis
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Hypertension and psychosis.

Yauvani Sudarshan1, Bernard M Y Cheung2

  • 1Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.

Postgraduate Medical Journal
|June 9, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Patients with psychosis have a high prevalence of hypertension, a metabolic syndrome component. Early detection and treatment of hypertension and metabolic syndrome are crucial for reducing cardiovascular risks in this population.

Keywords:
hypertensionschizophrenia & psychotic disorders

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Science
  • Psychiatry
  • Cardiology

Background:

  • Hypertension is a key risk factor for cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and a component of metabolic syndrome (MetS).
  • Psychosis, particularly in schizophrenia spectrum disorders, is frequently associated with hypertension (39% prevalence).
  • Antipsychotic medications, inflammation, and autonomic nervous system dysfunction may link psychosis and hypertension.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the significant prevalence of hypertension in patients with psychosis.
  • To explore the mechanisms connecting psychosis, metabolic syndrome, and hypertension.
  • To emphasize the need for proactive management of metabolic syndrome and hypertension in this vulnerable population.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and meta-analysis synthesis.
  • Exploration of pathophysiological links between psychosis, metabolic syndrome, and cardiovascular risk factors.
  • Analysis of the impact of antipsychotic medication on metabolic health.

Main Results:

  • A high prevalence of hypertension (39%) is observed in individuals with schizophrenia and related disorders.
  • Obesity, a side effect of antipsychotic medication, contributes to hypertension and other MetS components.
  • Inflammation, indicated by Interleukin-6, plays a role in psychosis, obesity, MetS, and hypertension.

Conclusions:

  • There is a critical need for early detection and management of metabolic syndrome and hypertension in patients with psychosis.
  • Addressing these comorbidities can significantly reduce cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.
  • Integrated care focusing on preventive strategies is essential for patients on antipsychotic medication.