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ALA/Ag

Mahshid Hashemkhani1, Eda Celikbas2, Minahil Khan3

  • 1Graduate School of Materials Science and Engineering, Koc University, Rumelifeneri Yolu, Sariyer, 34450 Istanbul, Turkey.

ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering
|June 9, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study developed novel theranostic nanoparticles (NPs) combining photothermal therapy (PTT) and photodynamic therapy (PDT) to overcome tumor hypoxia. The NPs enhance reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and ALA-PDT efficiency, significantly improving cancer cell death when combined with PTT.

Keywords:
5-aminolevulinic acidmanganese oxidephotodynamic therapyphotothermal therapysilver sulfidetheranostic nanoparticles

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Nanotechnology
  • Cancer Therapy

Background:

  • Photothermal therapy (PTT) and photodynamic therapy (PDT) offer localized tumor treatment with minimal toxicity.
  • 5-Aminolevulinic acid (ALA) is a popular PDT prodrug, but its efficacy is limited by tumor hypoxia.
  • Nanoparticles (NPs) can enhance drug delivery and therapeutic outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop stable, theranostic NPs for enhanced combined PDT/PTT of tumors.
  • To overcome tumor hypoxia and improve ALA-PDT efficiency.
  • To provide optically trackable PTT and PDT agents.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of Ag2S quantum dots (AS QDs) stabilized with bovine serum albumin (BSA) and loaded with MnO2 and ALA.
  • Characterization of NP stability, optical tracking, and temperature increase upon laser irradiation.
  • In vitro evaluation of cytotoxicity, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and cancer cell viability under combined laser irradiation.

Main Results:

  • Developed stable, theranostic AS-BSA-MnO2 NPs loaded with ALA.
  • Demonstrated NPs' ability for optical tracking and PTT (15 °C increase at 808 nm).
  • Achieved significant cancer cell death (5-10% viability) with combined PDT/PTT, outperforming individual therapies, correlated with high ROS levels.

Conclusions:

  • Hybrid NPs effectively overcome tumor hypoxia and deliver ALA for enhanced PDT/PTT.
  • The theranostic NPs offer NIR tracking and potent combination therapy upon short, low-dose co-irradiation.
  • These NPs are promising for treating various cancer types and warrant in vivo investigation.