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Signatures of Dissipation Driven Quantum Phase Transition in Rabi Model
G De Filippis1,2, A de Candia1,2, G Di Bello3
1SPIN-CNR and Dip. di Fisica E. Pancini-Università di Napoli Federico II-I-80126 Napoli, Italy.
Physical Review Letters
|June 9, 2023
Summary
This study reveals a quantum phase transition in a dissipative quantum Rabi model, even with low dissipation. Signatures of this transition are observed in relaxation dynamics, suggesting potential experimental realization with flux qubits.
Area of Science:
- Quantum physics
- Condensed matter physics
- Quantum optics
Background:
- The quantum Rabi model describes the interaction between a two-level system and a harmonic oscillator.
- Dissipation and environmental coupling significantly alter quantum system dynamics.
- Understanding quantum phase transitions in dissipative systems is crucial for quantum technologies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate equilibrium properties and relaxation dynamics of the dissipative quantum Rabi model.
- To identify signatures of quantum phase transitions in the time and frequency domains.
- To explore the possibility of experimental realization using superconducting circuits.
Main Methods:
- Worldline Monte Carlo technique
- Matrix product state (MPS) representation
- Variational approach (Feynman's path integral formulation)
Main Results:
- A Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless (BKT) quantum phase transition occurs in the Ohmic dissipation regime by tuning coupling strength.
- This nonperturbative transition is observed even for very low dissipation magnitudes.
- Signatures of the quantum phase transition are identified in relaxation dynamics and spectral properties.
- The transition occurs in the deep strong coupling regime for low to moderate dissipation.
Conclusions:
- The dissipative quantum Rabi model exhibits a BKT quantum phase transition.
- Relaxation dynamics provide clear signatures of this quantum phase transition.
- The proposed experimental setup involves coupling a flux qubit to a damped LC oscillator.
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