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Neonatal chlamydial conjunctivitis.

K Persson, R Rönnerstam, L Svanberg

    Archives of Disease in Childhood
    |June 1, 1986
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Maternal antibodies do not protect infants from neonatal chlamydial conjunctivitis. Chlamydial IgM antibodies develop later in infants with conjunctivitis, suggesting cautious use for diagnosing chlamydial pneumonia.

    Area of Science:

    • Neonatal infections
    • Immunology
    • Ophthalmology

    Background:

    • Neonatal chlamydial conjunctivitis is a common infection.
    • The role of maternal antibodies in protecting infants is unclear.
    • Diagnosis of chlamydial infections in neonates can be challenging.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the role of maternal chlamydial antibodies in neonatal conjunctivitis.
    • To evaluate the development of infant chlamydial IgM antibodies in conjunctivitis cases.
    • To assess the utility of chlamydial IgM in diagnosing chlamydial pneumonia.

    Main Methods:

    • Cord sera from 41 infants with conjunctivitis were analyzed for maternal antibodies.
    • Antibody profiles were compared between infants with and without conjunctivitis.

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  • Paired sera from 18 infants with conjunctivitis were tested for chlamydial IgM.
  • Infants received systemic treatment for conjunctivitis.

    • Main Results:

    • Maternal antibodies showed no protective effect against neonatal chlamydial conjunctivitis.
    • Chlamydial IgM antibodies were detected in 4/18 infants at diagnosis and 8/18 by day 40.
    • Two-thirds of treated infants with conjunctivitis eventually showed chlamydial IgM.
    • Symptoms resolved after systemic treatment.

    Conclusions:

    • Maternal antibodies do not prevent neonatal chlamydial conjunctivitis.
    • Infant chlamydial IgM antibodies develop late in the course of conjunctivitis.
    • Chlamydial IgM testing should be interpreted cautiously for diagnosing chlamydial pneumonia.