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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 27, 2025

Breast Milk Enhances Growth of Enteroids: An Ex Vivo Model of Cell Proliferation
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Antibiotic therapy and necrotizing enterocolitis.

Elizabeth Pace1, Toby D Yanowitz2, Paul Waltz3

  • 1University of Pittsburgh Department of Surgery, United States.

Seminars in Pediatric Surgery
|June 9, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Antibiotic therapy is crucial for necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), but guidelines are lacking. This review explores antibiotic use, the infant microbiome, and NEC, aiming to optimize treatment strategies.

Keywords:
AntibioticDysbiosisMicrobiomeNecrotizing enterocolitisNeonatePrematurity

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Area of Science:

  • Neonatal Medicine
  • Microbiome Research
  • Pediatric Surgery

Background:

  • Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) treatment relies heavily on antibiotics, yet clinical practices vary due to a lack of specific guidelines.
  • The infant gastrointestinal microbiome is implicated in NEC pathogenesis, prompting research into antibiotic's role.
  • Current understanding of NEC etiology remains incomplete, highlighting the need for evidence-based antibiotic strategies.

Approach:

  • This narrative review synthesizes existing literature on antibiotic therapy for NEC.
  • It examines the association between antibiotics, the infant microbiome, and NEC development.
  • The review also analyzes current antibiotic prescribing practices and proposes optimization strategies.

Key Points:

  • Antibiotic administration for medical and surgical NEC lacks standardized guidelines.
  • The infant microbiome's role in NEC suggests potential benefits or risks from antibiotic exposure.
  • Research is ongoing to determine optimal prophylactic and therapeutic antibiotic use in NEC.

Conclusions:

  • Further research is needed to establish clear guidelines for antibiotic use in NEC.
  • Optimizing antibiotic strategies requires a deeper understanding of their impact on the infant microbiome.
  • Balancing the benefits and risks of antibiotics is essential for improving NEC outcomes.