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Related Concept Videos

Viscosity01:17

Viscosity

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When water is poured into a glass, it falls freely and quickly, whereas if honey or maple syrup is poured over a pancake, it flows slowly and sticks to the surface of the container. This difference in the flow of different kinds of liquids arises due to the fluid friction between the liquid layers and the liquid and the surrounding material. This property of fluids is called fluid viscosity. In this example, water has a lower viscosity than honey and maple syrup.
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Viscosity of Fluid01:19

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Viscosity measures the resistance a fluid offers to flow and deformation. It results from internal friction between layers of fluid moving relative to one another. Dynamic viscosity, denoted by the Greek letter mu (μ), quantifies the force needed to move one fluid layer over another. For Newtonian fluids like water and air, the relationship between the shearing stress and the rate of shearing strain is linear, meaning their viscosity remains constant regardless of the applied stress.
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Surface Tension, Capillary Action, and Viscosity02:57

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Surface Tension
The various IMFs between identical molecules of a substance are examples of cohesive forces. The molecules within a liquid are surrounded by other molecules and are attracted equally in all directions by the cohesive forces within the liquid. However, the molecules on the surface of a liquid are attracted only by about one-half as many molecules. Because of the unbalanced molecular attractions on the surface molecules, liquids contract to form a shape that minimizes the number...
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Stokes' Law01:20

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Viscous forces, like friction, are intermolecular forces that resist the relative motion of molecules over each other. When a solid body moves through a liquid, viscous forces drag it in the opposite direction. The force's magnitude depends on the solid's shape and size, as well as its speed and the liquid's coefficient of viscosity, density and temperature.
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Newtonian Fluid: Problem Solving01:18

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Newtonian fluids exhibit a constant viscosity, meaning their shear stress and shear strain rate are directly proportional. This property ensures a predictable and stable response to applied forces, maintaining a linear relationship between force and flow. Examples include water, air, and light oils, consistently demonstrating this proportional behavior regardless of external conditions.
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Surface Tension of Fluid01:22

Surface Tension of Fluid

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Surface tension is a fundamental property of fluids, occurring at the boundary between a liquid and a gas or between two immiscible liquids. This phenomenon arises from the cohesive forces between molecules at the fluid's surface, creating an effect similar to a stretched elastic membrane. Inside each fluid, molecules are equally attracted in all directions by neighboring molecules, but surface molecules experience a net inward force, resulting in surface tension.
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Updated: Jul 27, 2025

Film Control to Study Contributions of Waves to Droplet Impact Dynamics on Thin Flowing Liquid Films
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Film Control to Study Contributions of Waves to Droplet Impact Dynamics on Thin Flowing Liquid Films

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Drop impact on a mesh - Viscosity effect.

Mostafa Abouelsoud1, Abderrahmane Kherbeche2, Marie-Jean Thoraval3

  • 1State Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical Structures, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environment and Control for Flight Vehicle, International Center for Applied Mechanics, School of Aerospace, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, South Valley University, Qena 83523, Egypt.

Journal of Colloid and Interface Science
|June 9, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study explores silicone oil drop impacts on mesh surfaces for oil-water separation. It identifies four impact regimes and their thresholds, crucial for optimizing separation efficiency.

Keywords:
Drop impactMesh surfaceWater-oil separation

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Area of Science:

  • Fluid dynamics
  • Surface science
  • Materials science

Background:

  • Mesh surfaces offer a promising approach for efficient oil-water separation.
  • Understanding droplet dynamics on these surfaces is key to process optimization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To experimentally investigate the dynamic impact of silicone oil drops with varying viscosities on an oleophilic mesh.
  • To define critical conditions governing oil-water separation processes.

Main Methods:

  • Controlled experimental study of silicone oil drop impact dynamics.
  • Analysis of four distinct impact regimes: deposition, partial imbibition, pinch-off, and separation.
  • Estimation of regime thresholds by balancing inertia, capillary, and viscous forces.

Main Results:

  • Identified four impact regimes (deposition, partial imbibition, pinch-off, separation) based on impact velocity.
  • Determined thresholds for deposition, partial imbibition, and separation regimes.
  • Observed that the maximum spreading ratio (βmax) increases with the Weber number during deposition and partial imbibition, but not during separation.
  • Predicted maximum elongation length under the mesh during partial imbibition using energy balance, showing good agreement with experimental data.

Conclusions:

  • The study provides critical insights into the dynamic behavior of oil drops impacting mesh surfaces.
  • The findings help define operational parameters for enhanced oil-water separation efficiency.
  • Energy balance models can accurately predict liquid behavior during partial imbibition on mesh surfaces.