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Radiological Investigation I: X-ray and CT01:30

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Radiological investigations, including X-rays and computed tomography (CT) scans, are critical for diagnosing and evaluating various medical conditions. These imaging techniques provide valuable insights into the body's internal structures, aiding in the detection of abnormalities, assessment of disease progression, and development of treatment strategies. This article delves into two primary radiological investigations, chest X-rays and CT scans, outlining their purpose, procedures, and...
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Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System V: CT01:28

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Cardiac computed tomography (CT) scanning is an advanced cardiac imaging technique that utilizes CT technology, with or without intravenous (IV) contrast, to produce accurate cross-sectional virtual slices of specific areas of the heart, coronary circulation, and major blood vessels such as the aorta, pulmonary veins, and arteries. The computer processes these slices to generate three-dimensional images. Multidetector CT (MDCT) is a rapid form of CT scanning that captures multiple slices...
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Computed Tomography01:10

Computed Tomography

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Tomography refers to imaging by sections. Computed tomography (CT) is a non-invasive imaging technique that uses computers to analyze several cross-sectional X-rays to reveal minute details about structures in the body.
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Radiological Investigation III: Pulmonary Angiogram and PET Scan01:13

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Radiological investigations are paramount in the diagnosis and management of various pulmonary diseases. Two essential investigations are the Pulmonary Angiogram and the Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Scan.
Pulmonary Angiogram
A Pulmonary Angiogram is an invasive procedure involving injecting a contrast medium through a catheter threaded into the pulmonary artery or the right side of the heart to visualize the pulmonary vasculature. Computed Tomography (CT) scans have mainly replaced this...
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Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System III: X-Ray01:20

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The most common cardiovascular diagnostic test is an X-ray. It produces images of the heart, blood vessels, and adjacent structures.
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An X-ray, or radiograph, is a non-invasive method that uses ionizing radiation to take images of internal structures. It is mainly used in cardiac imaging to examine the heart, lungs, and major blood vessels, aiming to identify abnormalities in the heart's size, shape, and position, such as heart failure, congenital defects, and vascular...
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Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System VI: Calcium -Scoring CT01:25

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Calcium-Scoring CT ScanA calcium-scoring CT scan, also known as coronary artery calcium (CAC) scan, detects calcium deposits in the coronary arteries. This test assesses the risk of coronary artery disease (CAD), which can lead to cardiovascular events such as angina, heart failure, and sudden cardiac arrest.A calcium-scoring CT scan is generally recommended for individuals at intermediate risk of CAD without symptoms. It includes:Men aged 40-75 and women aged 50-75: Especially those with a...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 27, 2025

Lung CT Segmentation to Identify Consolidations and Ground Glass Areas for Quantitative Assesment of SARS-CoV Pneumonia
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Chest CT utilization in COVID-19: a dosimetric and diagnostic-quality study.

Mohammed K Saeed1, Hassan A Alshamrani1, Youssef M Abdullah2

  • 1Department of Radiological Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Najran University, Najran 1988, Saudi Arabia.

Radiation Protection Dosimetry
|June 9, 2023
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Summary

Chest CT scans for COVID-19 pneumonia showed variations in use and radiation dose across Saudi Arabian sites. While most image quality parameters met standards, respiratory motion artifacts were common, indicating protocol optimization needs.

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Area of Science:

  • Radiology
  • Medical Imaging
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • The 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic led to increased use of medical imaging.
  • Chest computed tomography (CT) is a key tool for diagnosing and monitoring COVID-19 pneumonia.
  • Variations in CT protocols and radiation doses are a concern in clinical practice.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate variations in chest CT utilization, radiation dose, and image quality.
  • To assess CT scanner performance and diagnostic quality in COVID-19 pneumonia patients.
  • To identify areas for CT protocol optimization in Saudi Arabia.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 402 COVID-19 patients treated between February and October 2021.
  • Radiation dose estimation using CTDIvol and SSDE metrics.
  • Evaluation of scanner performance using an ACR-CT accreditation phantom and assessment of diagnostic quality and artifacts by radiologists.

Main Results:

  • The majority of scanner sites (80%) met suggested acceptance limits for image quality parameters.
  • Ground-glass opacities were the most common CT finding (54%).
  • Respiratory motion artifacts were prevalent in chest CT exams with typical COVID-19 appearance (56.3%).
  • Significant differences in CT utilization, CTDIvol, and SSDE were observed across sites.

Conclusions:

  • Chest CT utilization and radiation doses varied significantly among participating Saudi Arabian sites.
  • While image quality was generally acceptable, common artifacts highlight the need for protocol optimization.
  • Standardizing CT protocols can improve consistency and potentially reduce radiation exposure in COVID-19 patient management.