Recent Advancement in Breast Cancer Research: Insights from Model Organisms-Mouse Models to Zebrafish

Area of Science:

• * Oncology and Comparative Medicine
• * Translational Cancer Research

Background:

• * Animal models are indispensable tools for investigating human disease pathogenesis and therapeutic efficacy.
• * Genetically engineered mouse (GEM) models and xenograft technologies have significantly advanced cancer research.

Purpose of the Study:

• * To review the utility of mouse and zebrafish models in cancer research.
• * To highlight the role of patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models in drug discovery.
• * To emphasize the impact of an interdisciplinary 'Team Medicine' approach on understanding carcinogenesis and developing therapies.

Main Methods:

• * Review of genetically engineered mouse (GEM) models for studying carcinogenesis.
• * Application of patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models for drug discovery and therapeutics.
• * Integration of zebrafish models and 'Team Medicine' in cancer research.

Main Results:

• * GEM models elucidate genetic changes affecting tumor cell proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, metastasis, angiogenesis, and drug resistance.
• * PDX models facilitate the advancement of drug discovery and therapeutic strategies.
• * Mouse and zebrafish models aid in identifying biomarkers for cancer recognition, prognosis, and surveillance.

Conclusions:

• * Animal models, including GEM, PDX, and zebrafish, are vital for unraveling cancer mechanisms.
• * The 'Team Medicine' approach accelerates understanding and therapeutic development in oncology.
• * These models and collaborative strategies are instrumental in advancing cancer treatment.