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Tsvetelina Andonova1, Yordan Muhovski2, Elena Apostolova3

  • 1Department of Botany and Biological Education, Faculty of Biology, University of Plovdiv "Paisii Hilendarski", 24 Tzar Asen Street, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria.

Foods (Basel, Switzerland)
|June 10, 2023
PubMed
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Koelreuteria paniculata seed oil exhibits good oxidative stability and contains beneficial components like fatty acids, sterols, tocopherols, and phospholipids. This oil shows DNA protective activity and could be valuable for food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical applications.

Area of Science:

  • Phytochemistry
  • Biochemistry
  • Nutritional Science

Background:

  • Koelreuteria paniculata seed oil is a potential source of bioactive compounds.
  • Previous research has not fully characterized its physicochemical properties, chemical composition, or biological activities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the physicochemical characteristics and chemical composition of Koelreuteria paniculata seed oil.
  • To evaluate the biological activities, including DNA protective effects and cytotoxicity, of the oil.
  • To explore the potential applications of this seed oil in various industries.

Main Methods:

  • Oil extraction using a Soxhlet apparatus with hexane.
  • Characterization of physicochemical properties such as oil content and iodine value.
Keywords:
DNA protectionKoelreuteria paniculatachemical compositioncytotoxic activityphysicochemical characteristicsseed oil

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  • Identification of fatty acids, sterols, tocopherols, and phospholipids using analytical techniques.
  • In vitro assays to assess DNA protective activity, cytotoxicity, and antitumor potential (MTT test).

    • Main Results:

    • The oil content exceeded 20%, and it was classified as a non-drying oil with good oxidative stability (>50 hours).
    • Eleven fatty acids, six sterols, three tocopherols, and six phospholipids (reported for the first time) were identified.
    • Major components included eicosenoic acid, oleic acid, β-sitosterol, β-tocopherol, and phosphatidylcholine.
    • In vitro tests demonstrated significant DNA protective activity and a lack of cytotoxicity, with no observed antitumor activity against HT-29 and PC3 cell lines.

    Conclusions:

    • Koelreuteria paniculata seed oil is rich in valuable bio-components with potential health benefits.
    • The oil possesses DNA protective properties and is non-cytotoxic, suggesting safety for use.
    • Its composition and properties make it a promising candidate for incorporation into food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical products.