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A High-Throughput Multiplexed Screening for Type 1 Diabetes, Celiac Diseases, and COVID-19
Published on: July 5, 2022
Prevention of Type 1 Diabetes in Children: A Worthy Challenge?
Diletta Maria Francesca Ingrosso1, Maria Teresa Quarta1, Alessia Quarta1
1Department of Pediatrics, University of Chieti, Via dei Vestini, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
Abstract:
Nowadays, the development of new immuno-therapeutic drugs has made it possible to alter the course of many autoimmune diseases. Type 1 diabetes is a chronic disease with a progressive dependence on exogenous insulin administration. The ability to intercept individuals at high risk of developing type 1 diabetes is the first step toward the development of therapies that can delay the process of β-cell destruction, thus permitting a better glycemic control and reducing the incidence of ketoacidosis. The knowledge of the main pathogenetic mechanisms underlying the three stages of the disease may be helpful to identify the best immune therapeutic approach. In this review, we aim to give an overview of the most important clinical trials conducted during the primary, secondary and tertiary phases of prevention.
Insights
New immuno-therapies offer hope for autoimmune diseases like type 1 diabetes. Early intervention in high-risk individuals can delay beta-cell destruction, improving glycemic control and preventing ketoacidosis.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Endocrinology
- Diabetology
Background:
- Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by progressive beta-cell destruction.
- Current management relies on exogenous insulin, highlighting the need for disease-modifying therapies.
- Early interception of T1D development is crucial for preventing long-term complications.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review clinical trials for type 1 diabetes prevention across primary, secondary, and tertiary stages.
- To explore immune-therapeutic strategies targeting the pathogenetic mechanisms of T1D.
- To provide an overview of current research in T1D interception and treatment.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review of clinical trials in T1D prevention.
- Analysis of pathogenetic mechanisms at different disease stages.
- Evaluation of immuno-therapeutic drug development for T1D.
Main Results:
- Immuno-therapies show potential in altering the course of autoimmune diseases, including T1D.
- Identifying high-risk individuals enables early intervention to delay beta-cell destruction.
- Understanding disease stages guides the selection of optimal therapeutic approaches.
Conclusions:
- Targeting T1D at its earliest stages offers the best opportunity for therapeutic success.
- Continued research into immuno-therapeutics is vital for managing and potentially preventing T1D.
- Personalized therapeutic strategies based on disease stage and pathogenetic mechanisms are key.
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