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Related Concept Videos

Metallic Solids02:37

Metallic Solids

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Metallic solids such as crystals of copper, aluminum, and iron are formed by metal atoms. The structure of metallic crystals is often described as a uniform distribution of atomic nuclei within a “sea” of delocalized electrons. The atoms within such a metallic solid are held together by a unique force known as metallic bonding that gives rise to many useful and varied bulk properties.
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In addition to the oxymercuration–demercuration method, which converts the alkenes to alcohols with Markovnikov orientation, a complementary hydroboration-oxidation method yields the anti-Markovnikov product. The hydroboration reaction, discovered in 1959 by H.C. Brown, involves the addition of a B–H bond of borane to an alkene giving an organoborane intermediate. The oxidation of this intermediate with basic hydrogen peroxide forms an alcohol.
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Ionic crystals consist of two or more different kinds of ions that usually have different sizes. The packing of these ions into a crystal structure is more complex than the packing of metal atoms that are the same size.
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Crystal Field Theory
To explain the observed behavior of transition metal complexes (such as colors), a model involving electrostatic interactions between the electrons from the ligands and the electrons in the unhybridized d orbitals of the central metal atom has been developed. This electrostatic model is crystal field theory (CFT). It helps to understand, interpret, and predict the colors, magnetic behavior, and some structures of coordination compounds of transition metals.
CFT focuses on...
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Valence Bond Theory

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Coordination compounds and complexes exhibit different colors, geometries, and magnetic behavior, depending on the metal atom/ion and ligands from which they are composed. In an attempt to explain the bonding and structure of coordination complexes, Linus Pauling proposed the valence bond theory, or VBT, using the concepts of hybridization and the overlapping of the atomic orbitals. According to VBT, the central metal atom or ion (Lewis acid) hybridizes to provide empty orbitals of suitable...
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Author Spotlight: Accelerating Discovery in Microporous Material Chemistry
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Two New Aluminoborates with 3D Porous-Layered Frameworks.

Chen Wang1, Juan Chen1, Chong-An Chen1

  • 1MOE Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China.

Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)
|June 10, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Two novel aluminoborates were synthesized using mixed alkali metal templates. These compounds exhibit potential applications in deep-ultraviolet regions due to their unique structural properties and UV cutoff edges.

Keywords:
3D porous layersaluminoboratesoxoboron clustersolvothermal syntheses

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Area of Science:

  • Inorganic Chemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Crystal Engineering

Background:

  • Aluminoborates are a class of inorganic compounds with diverse structures and properties.
  • Hydro(solvo)thermal synthesis is a common method for preparing crystalline materials.
  • Mixed alkali metal cations can influence the formation and structure of inorganic frameworks.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize and characterize two new aluminoborate compounds.
  • To investigate the structural features of the novel aluminoborates.
  • To explore the potential applications of these materials in deep-ultraviolet regions.

Main Methods:

  • Hydro(solvo)thermal synthesis using mixed alkali metal cationic templates.
  • Single-crystal X-ray diffraction for structural determination.
  • UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy for optical property analysis.

Main Results:

  • Two new aluminoborates, NaKCs[AlB7O13(OH)]·H2O (1) and K4Na5[AlB7O13(OH)]3·5H2O (2), were successfully synthesized.
  • Both compounds crystallize in the monoclinic space group P21/n and feature [B7O13(OH)]6- clusters and AlO4 tetrahedra.
  • The structures form 3D porous-layered frameworks with 8-MR channels and exhibit deep-UV cutoff edges below 190 nm.

Conclusions:

  • The successful synthesis of novel aluminoborates with unique structural motifs.
  • The identified 3D porous-layered frameworks possess potential for deep-UV applications.
  • Further research can explore the functional properties of these materials.