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Plant Tolerance to Drought Stress with Emphasis on Wheat
1Genetic Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11241, Egypt.
Plants (Basel, Switzerland)
|June 10, 2023
Summary
Improving crop yield under drought stress is crucial for global food security. This review highlights molecular breeding strategies, including QTL mapping and epigenetics, to develop drought-tolerant wheat cultivars.
Area of Science:
- Agricultural Science
- Plant Biology
- Genetics
Background:
- Environmental stresses like drought significantly reduce crop yields, posing a threat to global food security.
- Increasing global population and climate change exacerbate the need for climate-resilient crops.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review molecular mechanisms and technologies for enhancing drought tolerance in crops.
- To summarize advancements in selective breeding for drought-tolerant wheat cultivars.
Main Methods:
- Quantitative Trait Locus (QTL) mapping
- Genomics and synteny analysis
- Epigenetics and transgenic approaches
- Synthetic apomixis and msh1 mutation
Main Results:
- Integration of various molecular techniques has advanced the development of drought-tolerant wheat.
- Epigenetic modifications, induced by synthetic apomixis and msh1 mutation, show promise for rapid trait stabilization.
Conclusions:
- Accelerated selective breeding for drought tolerance is achievable through advanced molecular and epigenetic strategies.
- These advancements are critical for developing resilient cultivars in arid and semi-arid regions.
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