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Related Concept Videos

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Rate-Programmed II01:19

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Rate-Programmed II

Rate-programmed drug delivery systems release drugs in a controlled manner to maintain therapeutic levels. Three main designs include reservoir, matrix, and hybrid systems.Reservoir systems consist of a drug core enclosed within a membrane that controls drug release. In non-swelling reservoir systems, polymers like ethyl cellulose or polymethacrylates are used. These do not hydrate in aqueous media and control release through membrane thickness, porosity, or insolubility. This type includes...
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Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Drug Release Characteristics

Drug release from modified-release dosage forms is designed to achieve specific therapeutic effects by controlling the rate and extent of drug release. The classification of these drug release systems is based on key pharmacokinetic assumptions: drug disposition follows first-order kinetics, drug release is the rate-limiting step in absorption, and the released drug is rapidly and completely absorbed.There are four major models of drug release patterns. The first model is the slow zero-order...
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Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Classification

Modified-release drug delivery systems improve drug efficacy and minimize side effects by controlling the rate and location of drug release. These systems fall into three categories: rate-programmed, stimuli-activated, and site-targeted.Rate-programmed systems release drugs at a predetermined rate, maintaining consistent therapeutic levels and reducing fluctuations that could lead to toxicity or subtherapeutic effects. These systems use polymeric matrices, reservoir-based designs, or osmotic...
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Rate-programmed drug delivery systems (DDS) are designed to release drugs at specific, controlled rates to maintain consistent therapeutic levels. These systems are categorized based on their release mechanisms, including dissolution-controlled DDS, diffusion-controlled DDS, and combined dissolution-diffusion-controlled DDS.In dissolution-controlled DDS, the release rate depends on the slow dissolution of the drug itself or the surrounding matrix. Drugs with inherently slow dissolution rates,...
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Stimuli-activated drug delivery systems are designed to release drugs in response to specific physical, chemical, or biological stimuli. These systems often utilize hydrogels—three-dimensional, hydrophilic polymer networks capable of swelling in aqueous environments and retaining significant fluid volumes. Upon exposure to particular stimuli, these hydrogels undergo structural transitions that allow the embedded drug to be released. Due to this adaptive behavior, such systems are also called...
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Polymeric carriers enhance targeted drug delivery by increasing efficacy while minimizing off-target effects. These carriers comprise a biodegradable polymeric backbone integrated with functional elements that enable targeting, improve physicochemical properties, and regulate drug release.Targeting MechanismsThe targeting ability of polymeric carriers is mediated by a homing device, which is a molecular recognition component designed to selectively bind to specific tissues or cells. Monoclonal...

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Combinatorial Synthesis of and High-throughput Protein Release from Polymer Film and Nanoparticle Libraries
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A Red-Light-Responsive DASA-Polymer with High Water Stability for Controlled Release.

Hao Ma1, Wan Li1, Haojun Fan1

  • 1College of Biomass Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.

Polymers
|June 10, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed a novel red-light-responsive polymer for drug delivery. This photoresponsive polymer nanomedicine avoids UV light limitations, enabling controlled drug release in biological tissues.

Keywords:
donor-acceptor Stenhouse adductsdrug releasenanovectorsphotoresponsive polymersred light

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Area of Science:

  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Photoresponsive polymers are promising for drug delivery.
  • Current UV-light-based systems face limitations due to poor tissue penetration and photodamage.
  • Red light offers superior penetration in biological tissues.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design and synthesize a novel red-light-responsive polymer for controlled drug release.
  • To create a stable nanovector system for hydrophobic drug encapsulation.
  • To overcome the limitations of UV-based photoresponsive drug delivery systems.

Main Methods:

  • Incorporation of donor-acceptor Stenhouse adducts (DASA) for red-light responsiveness.
  • Self-assembly of the polymer into micellar nanovectors in aqueous solutions.
  • Encapsulation of a hydrophobic model drug (Nile red) within the nanovector core.
  • Controlled drug release triggered by 660 nm LED irradiation.

Main Results:

  • The polymer formed stable micellar nanovectors with a ~33 nm hydrodynamic diameter.
  • Red-light irradiation successfully disrupted the nanovector structure, leading to drug release.
  • The system demonstrated high water stability and effective drug encapsulation.
  • The DASA compound facilitated reversible photoswitching upon red light exposure.

Conclusions:

  • A novel red-light-responsive polymer nanomedicine was successfully developed.
  • The nanovector system offers a promising platform for controlled drug delivery, overcoming UV light limitations.
  • This advancement paves the way for more effective photoresponsive nanomedicines in biological applications.