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Related Concept Videos

Raman Spectroscopy Instrumentation: Overview01:26

Raman Spectroscopy Instrumentation: Overview

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A conventional Raman spectrophotometer includes a laser source, a sample holding system, a wavelength selector, and a detector.
The monochromatic laser source, typically using visible or near-infrared radiation, generates a highly focused beam of light. This light interacts with the molecules of the sample, scattering some of the light. Liquid and gaseous samples are usually tested in ordinary glass capillaries, while solids can be analyzed as powders packed in capillaries or as potassium...
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High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry (HRMS)01:15

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The resolution of a mass spectrometer depends on the efficiency of separating ions with different ion masses. The mass of an atom is approximated to the sum of the masses of protons and neutrons inside, considering the masses of protons and neutrons as equal. However, the masses of the proton (1.6726 × 10−24 g) and neutron (1.6749 × 10−24 g) are not truly equal. There is a minor error in the expression of atomic masses relative to the simplest atom of hydrogen. For...
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2D NMR: Heteronuclear Single-Quantum Correlation Spectroscopy (HSQC)01:19

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Heteronuclear single-quantum correlation spectroscopy (HSQC) is a 2D NMR technique that reveals one-bond correlations between hydrogen and a heteronucleus. The HSQC experiment is similar to the heteronuclear correlation experiment (HETCOR) but is more sensitive. In the HSQC spectrum, the proton chemical shift is plotted on the horizontal F2 axis, while the 13C chemical shift is plotted on the vertical F1 axis. The corresponding proton and 13C spectra are also shown. The HSQC contour plot does...
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Raman Spectroscopy: Overview01:20

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The underlying principle of Raman spectroscopy is based on the interaction between light and matter, specifically molecules' inelastic scattering of photons. When a monochromatic beam of light, typically from a laser source, interacts with a sample, most scattered light has the same frequency as the incident light. This is known as Rayleigh scattering.
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Double Resonance Techniques: Overview01:12

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Double resonance techniques in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy involve the simultaneous application of two different frequencies or radiofrequency pulses to manipulate and observe two distinct nuclear spins. One important application of double resonance is spin decoupling, which selectively suppresses coupling with one type of nucleus while observing the NMR signal from another nucleus, simplifying the spectrum and enhancing resolution.
Spin decoupling is usually achieved by...
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2D NMR: Overview of Heteronuclear Correlation Techniques01:18

2D NMR: Overview of Heteronuclear Correlation Techniques

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Heteronuclear correlation spectroscopy is an analytical technique that investigates the coupling between different types of nuclei, often a proton and an X-nucleus, such as carbon-13 or nitrogen-15. This method is commonly used in nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy to gain insights into complex chemical compounds' structural and compositional aspects. A typical heteronuclear correlation spectrum displays X-nucleus chemical shifts on one axis and a proton spectrum on the other...
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Updated: Jul 27, 2025

Quantification of Hydrogen Concentrations in Surface and Interface Layers and Bulk Materials through Depth Profiling with Nuclear Reaction Analysis
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High-Precision Trace Hydrogen Sensing by Multipass Raman Scattering.

Jaspreet Singh1, Andreas Muller1

  • 1Physics Department, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|June 10, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Detecting trace hydrogen gas is difficult, but feedback-assisted Raman scattering offers a direct method. This technique achieved detection down to 20 parts per billion, enabling precise hydrogen sensing.

Keywords:
Raman scatteringmolecular hydrogenmultipass enhancementoptical cavitiestrace detection

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Area of Science:

  • Spectroscopy
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Accurate detection of trace hydrogen is crucial for energy applications.
  • Traditional optical absorption methods struggle with homonuclear diatomics like hydrogen.
  • Raman scattering presents a direct and unambiguous method for hydrogen detection.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate feedback-assisted multipass spontaneous Raman scattering for trace hydrogen detection.
  • To determine the precision of hydrogen sensing at concentrations below 2 parts per million.
  • To establish a reliable method for ambient air hydrogen concentration measurement.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized feedback-assisted multipass spontaneous Raman scattering.
  • Investigated hydrogen detection at various concentrations and measurement durations.
  • Employed asymmetric multi-peak fitting for signal extraction and analysis.

Main Results:

  • Achieved a limit of detection of 60, 30, and 20 parts per billion (ppb) for 10-min, 120-min, and 720-min measurements, respectively.
  • Successfully probed concentrations as low as 75 ppb.
  • Resolved concentration steps of 50 ppb with an uncertainty of 20 ppb for ambient air.

Conclusions:

  • Feedback-assisted multipass spontaneous Raman scattering is a highly sensitive technique for trace hydrogen detection.
  • The method provides precise and unambiguous hydrogen chemical fingerprinting.
  • This advancement is significant for the energy generation and storage industry.