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Related Concept Videos

Dosage Regimen: Fixed Dose01:01

Dosage Regimen: Fixed Dose

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Fixed-dose regimens are a common approach to administer drugs to achieve and maintain desired levels of the drug in the body. In this dosing strategy, a specific amount of medication is given at regular intervals, often multiple times a day, to ensure a consistent drug concentration in the bloodstream.
Fixed-dose regimens can be used for various routes of administration, including intravenous (IV) injections and oral medications. For IV administration, a predetermined amount of the drug is...
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Rational Dosage Regimen: Maintenance Dose and Loading Dose01:24

Rational Dosage Regimen: Maintenance Dose and Loading Dose

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A rational dosage regimen considers a drug's pharmacokinetics, including its absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination from the body. By understanding these factors, the appropriate dosage can be determined, and the dosing schedule can be designed to achieve and maintain the desired therapeutic effect while minimizing adverse effects.
In most cases, drugs are administered repetitively or infused continuously to maintain a steady-state concentration in the body. At a steady...
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Drug Dosage Regimen: Overview01:15

Drug Dosage Regimen: Overview

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A drug dosage regimen describes the specific instructions and schedule for administering a drug to a patient. It considers factors such as drug dosage, frequency, route of administration, and duration of treatment. Designing an appropriate dosage regimen for a patient aims to achieve a target drug concentration at the site of action.
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Renal Failure: Dose Adjustments01:11

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In patients with renal impairment, drugs undergo significant changes in their pharmacokinetics, which require dosage adjustments to ensure safe and effective therapy.
Reduced renal clearance and elimination rate are common outcomes of renal impairment. These alterations lead to a prolonged elimination half-life and an altered apparent volume of distribution for drugs. As a result, dosage adjustments are typically necessary to maintain optimal drug levels in the body.
However, dosage adjustments...
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Drug Therapy01:28

Drug Therapy

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The advent of drug therapy has profoundly shaped modern mental health care, providing targeted treatments for a range of psychological disorders. Psychotherapeutic drugs, classified into antianxiety, antidepressant, and antipsychotic medications, address symptoms across anxiety disorders, mood disorders, and schizophrenia. While these medications have transformed patient outcomes, they require careful management due to their potential side effects and limitations.
Antianxiety Medications
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Nonlinear Pharmacokinetics: Dependence of Elimination Half-Life and Dose Clearance01:23

Nonlinear Pharmacokinetics: Dependence of Elimination Half-Life and Dose Clearance

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The elimination half-life and drug clearance of drugs following nonlinear kinetics can vary with dosage. The Michaelis-Menten parameters and drug concentration influence these factors. As the dose increases, the elimination half-life tends to lengthen, resulting in a reduction in clearance and a disproportionately larger area under the curve. The total clearance can be derived from the Michaelis-Menten equation for drugs following a one-compartment model.
A study on guinea pigs examined the...
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Individualizing methadone treatment with split dosing: An underutilized tool.

Hannan M Braun1, Ruth A Potee2

  • 1Division of General Internal Medicine, Denver Health and Hospital Authority, Denver, CO, United States of America; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, United States of America.

Journal of Substance Use and Addiction Treatment
|June 10, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

For patients on methadone maintenance, twice-daily dosing may stabilize symptoms and reduce side effects. This approach, while raising concerns, offers benefits for select individuals needing flexible treatment.

Keywords:
COVID-19MethadoneOpioid treatment programSplit dosing

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Addiction Medicine
  • Clinical Pharmacy

Background:

  • Methadone is typically administered once daily due to its long half-life.
  • Clinical evidence suggests some patients benefit from twice-daily (split) dosing for improved symptom control.
  • This split dosing strategy can enhance symptom stability and minimize adverse effects, irrespective of serum drug concentrations.

Discussion:

  • Concerns about diversion and adherence associated with split methadone dosing are significant.
  • Recent policy adjustments, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic, highlight potential flexibility in methadone administration protocols.
  • Historical rigidity in methadone prescribing may be overly stringent for certain patient populations.

Key Insights:

  • Split methadone dosing can be an underutilized tool for select patients requiring more stable symptom management.
  • Patient-specific benefits may outweigh concerns regarding diversion and adherence in some cases.
  • Clinical judgment is crucial in evaluating the risk-benefit profile of split dosing.

Outlook:

  • Further evidence-based research is needed to establish clear guidelines for split methadone dosing.
  • Clinicians should consider split dosing for carefully selected patients based on evolving clinical experience and policy changes.
  • Future recommendations should support personalized methadone treatment strategies.