Phosphoinositide and redox dysregulation by the anticancer methylthioadenosine phosphorylase transition state
Timothy Salita1, Yepy H Rustam2, Vinzenz Hofferek3
1School of Biological Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand; Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia.
Abstract:
Methylthio-DADMe-immucillin-A (MTDIA) is an 86 picomolar inhibitor of 5'-methylthioadenosine phosphorylase (MTAP) with potent and specific anti-cancer efficacy. MTAP salvages S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) from 5'-methylthioadenosine (MTA), a toxic metabolite produced during polyamine biosynthesis. Changes in MTAP expression are implicated in cancer growth and development, making MTAP an appealing target for anti-cancer therapeutics. Since SAM is involved in lipid metabolism, we hypothesised that MTDIA alters the lipidomes of MTDIA-treated cells. To identify these effects, we analysed the lipid profiles of MTDIA-treated Saccharomyces cerevisiae using ultra-high resolution accurate mass spectrometry (UHRAMS). MTAP inhibition by MTDIA, and knockout of the Meu1 gene that encodes for MTAP in yeast, caused global lipidomic changes and differential abundance of lipids involved in cell signaling. The phosphoinositide kinase/phosphatase signaling network was specifically impaired upon MTDIA treatment, and was independently validated and further characterised via altered localization of proteins integral to this network. Functional consequences of dysregulated lipid metabolism included a decrease in reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels induced by MTDIA that was contemporaneous with changes in immunological response factors (nitric oxide, tumour necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-10) in mammalian cells. These results indicate that lipid homeostasis alterations and concomitant downstream effects may be associated with MTDIA mechanistic efficacy.
Insights
Methylthio-DADMe-immucillin-A (MTDIA) inhibits 5'-methylthioadenosine phosphorylase (MTAP), impacting cancer cell lipidomes. This study reveals MTDIA alters lipid signaling and immune responses, suggesting a novel therapeutic mechanism.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Cancer Biology
- Metabolomics
Background:
- 5'-methylthioadenosine phosphorylase (MTAP) is implicated in cancer progression.
- MTAP inhibition is a potential anti-cancer therapeutic strategy.
- S-adenosylmethionine (SAM), salvaged by MTAP, is crucial for lipid metabolism.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the effects of the MTAP inhibitor Methylthio-DADMe-immucillin-A (MTDIA) on cellular lipidomes.
- To identify lipidomic changes associated with MTAP inhibition.
- To explore the downstream consequences of MTDIA-induced lipid alterations.
Main Methods:
- Lipid profiling of MTDIA-treated Saccharomyces cerevisiae using ultra-high resolution accurate mass spectrometry (UHRAMS).
- Analysis of lipidomic changes upon MTAP inhibition and MTAP gene knockout.
- Validation of the phosphoinositide kinase/phosphatase signaling network alterations.
Main Results:
- MTDIA treatment and MTAP knockout induced global lipidomic changes in yeast.
- Specific alterations in lipids involved in cell signaling, particularly the phosphoinositide pathway, were observed.
- Dysregulated lipid metabolism correlated with decreased reactive oxygen species (ROS) and modulated immune response factors in mammalian cells.
Conclusions:
- MTDIA significantly alters cellular lipid homeostasis.
- MTAP inhibition affects lipid signaling networks, impacting cellular functions.
- Lipidomic alterations may contribute to the anti-cancer efficacy of MTDIA.
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