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Gaze patterns of dentists while evaluating bitewing radiographs.

Lubaina T Arsiwala-Scheppach1, Nora Castner2, Csaba Rohrer3

  • 1Department of Oral Diagnostics, Digital Health and Health Services Research, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Germany; ITU/WHO Focus Group AI on Health, Topic Group Dental Diagnostics and Digital Dentistry, Switzerland.

Journal of Dentistry
|June 10, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Dentists focused more on teeth with lesions and restorations during radiographic analysis. Their gaze patterns were systematic, with longer fixation durations on lesions, aiding in understanding diagnostic accuracy.

Keywords:
Dental radiographyDentistryEye trackingMedical image inspectionScanpathVisual search

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Area of Science:

  • Dental diagnostics
  • Ophthalmology
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Dentists' diagnostic accuracy on radiographs is limited.
  • Understanding gaze patterns can reveal sources of error and inform mitigation strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize dentists' gaze patterns (scanpaths) during bitewing radiograph assessment for detecting proximal carious lesions.
  • To correlate gaze behavior with lesion presence, type, and depth.

Main Methods:

  • Eye-tracking experiment with 22 dentists assessing 170 bitewing radiographs.
  • Analysis of fixation count, duration, and time to first fixation.
  • Stratification by lesion presence/restoration and lesion depth (enamel E1/2, dentin D1-3).

Main Results:

  • Dentists exhibited significantly more fixations on teeth with lesions/restorations compared to healthy teeth.
  • Teeth with carious lesions had longer fixation durations than teeth with restorations.
  • Time to first fixation varied by lesion depth, with highest fixations on D2 lesions and lowest on E1 lesions.

Conclusions:

  • Dentists focus attention on relevant areas of bitewing radiographs.
  • A systematic, tooth-by-tooth gaze pattern is generally employed during image assessment.
  • Gaze patterns provide insights into diagnostic processes for proximal caries detection.