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Related Concept Videos

Drug Dosing: Geriatric Patients01:15

Drug Dosing: Geriatric Patients

Elderly individuals encompass a diverse population with varying degrees of age-related physiological changes. Defining the elderly presents challenges, as the geriatric population is often arbitrarily categorized as individuals older than 65. However, many individuals in this group lead active and healthy lives, with an increasing number surpassing 85 years and falling into the older elderly category. Physiological changes associated with aging impact performance capacity and homeostatic...
Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Absorption01:22

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Absorption

As individuals age, their body's physiology evolves, affecting drug pharmacokinetics. The most apparent changes occur in the gastrointestinal tract, where an increase in gastric pH, a delay in gastric emptying, and a reduction in gastrointestinal motility are observed. Remarkably, these changes do not substantially modify the absorption of orally administered drugs, particularly those absorbed via passive diffusion.Transdermal drug delivery emerges as a highly viable method for older adults due...
Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Distribution01:00

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Distribution

Drug distribution in the human body is influenced by several factors, including plasma protein concentration, body composition, blood flow, tissue-protein concentration, and tissue fluid pH. Among these, changes in plasma protein concentration and body composition due to aging significantly affect how drugs are distributed within the body. Specifically, aging is associated with a decrease in albumin levels by about 10% and an increase in α1-acid glycoprotein levels. These alterations are not...
Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Metabolism01:18

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Metabolism

Geriatric patients show significant variation in how their bodies process medications, which can change how effective and safe treatments are. The liver is the primary organ where drug metabolism occurs, involving two main types of chemical reactions: phase I and II. Phase I metabolism is driven by the cytochrome P450 enzyme system, which includes key types such as CYP3A, CYP2D6, and CYP2C9. Research indicates that while aging doesn't notably alter the levels or activity of these enzymes, it...
Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Excretion01:18

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Excretion

In geriatric patients, renal physiology undergoes significant changes, including diminished renal blood flow and a lower glomerular filtration rate (GFR), leading to alterations in medication clearance. Drugs such as aminoglycoside antibiotics, lithium, and digoxin, which rely on glomerular filtration for removal from the body, particularly impact pharmacokinetics. These drugs tend to have slower clearance rates in older adults, necessitating careful dosage considerations.Evaluation of renal...
Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age01:27

Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age

Age-related pharmacokinetic changes are extensively documented, but understanding age-related pharmacodynamic alterations is relatively limited. This knowledge gap can be partly attributed to the complexity of developing appropriate measures of drug responses compared to bioanalytical methods for determining drug concentrations.Most information regarding age-related differences in human pharmacodynamics originates from cross-sectional studies. However, these studies assume that observed mean...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 17, 2026

SA-β-Galactosidase-Based Screening Assay for the Identification of Senotherapeutic Drugs
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Discovery of senolytics using machine learning.

Vanessa Smer-Barreto1, Andrea Quintanilla2, Richard J R Elliott3

  • 1Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, MRC Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Crewe Road, Edinburgh, EH4 2XR, UK. vanessa.smerbarreto@ed.ac.uk.

Nature Communications
|June 10, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers discovered new senolytic drugs, ginkgetin, periplocin, and oleandrin, using AI. These compounds target senescent cells, which are linked to aging and diseases, offering potential new treatments.

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Computational Biology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Cellular senescence is a key factor in aging and various diseases, including cancer and diabetes.
  • Targeting senescent cells with senolytics is a promising therapeutic strategy.
  • A limited number of senolytics are known due to the lack of identified molecular targets.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To discover novel senolytic compounds using machine learning algorithms.
  • To validate the senolytic activity of computationally identified compounds in human cell lines.
  • To assess the cost-effectiveness and potential of AI in early-stage drug discovery.

Main Methods:

  • Machine learning algorithms were trained on published data to screen chemical libraries.
  • Computational screening identified potential senolytic compounds.
  • In vitro validation of ginkgetin, periplocin, and oleandrin in human cell lines undergoing senescence.

Main Results:

  • Ginkgetin, periplocin, and oleandrin were identified and validated as senolytics.
  • These compounds demonstrated potency comparable to existing senolytics.
  • Oleandrin showed improved potency compared to current best-in-class alternatives.
  • The AI-driven approach significantly reduced drug screening costs.

Conclusions:

  • Artificial intelligence can effectively leverage diverse drug screening data for novel drug discovery.
  • The identified senolytics offer new therapeutic avenues for age-related diseases.
  • This study highlights the potential of AI and open science in accelerating early-stage drug discovery.