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Related Concept Videos

Fractures: Bone Repair01:27

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Treatment for a fracture is based on the type of break, the bone affected, and the patient's age.
Minor fractures with no bone displacement are treated by immobilizing the fractured bone using a cast or splint. However, in the case of fractures with displaced bones, the broken bones are repositioned before immobilization to ensure successful healing without deformation and loss of function. The realignment of fractured bone ends is performed through a process called reduction. If the...
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Cranial Bones: Lateral View01:27

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The lateral view of the cranium is dominated by temporal, sphenoid, and ethmoid bones.
The temporal bone forms the lower lateral side of the skull. The temporal bone is subdivided into several regions. The flattened upper portion is the squamous portion of the temporal bone. Below this area and projecting anteriorly is the zygomatic process of the temporal bone, which forms the posterior portion of the zygomatic arch. Posteriorly is the mastoid portion of the temporal bone. Projecting...
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Clinical indicators and usage of algorithms in determining need for ophthalmological consultation in the setting of orbital fractures.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 27, 2025

Three-Dimensional Reconstruction of Orbital Fractures
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Pediatric Orbital Fractures.

Bashar Hassan1, Fan Liang1, Michael P Grant2

  • 1Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, R Adams Cowley Shock Trauma Center, University of Maryland Medical Center, 110 South Paca Street, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Johns Hopkins Hospital, 600 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD, USA.

Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Clinics of North America
|June 11, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Pediatric orbital fractures require careful diagnosis due to unique anatomy. Prompt surgical intervention is crucial for trapdoor fractures with soft tissue entrapment, even with unclear imaging.

Keywords:
Orbital fractures in childrenOrbital wall fractures in childrenPediatric orbital fracturesPediatric orbital wall fractures

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Orthopedics
  • Ophthalmology
  • Craniofacial Surgery

Background:

  • The pediatric craniofacial skeleton's unique anatomy leads to distinct fracture patterns compared to adults.
  • Diagnosing and treating pediatric orbital fractures presents significant challenges for clinicians.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the diagnostic challenges and management strategies for pediatric orbital fractures.
  • To emphasize the importance of recognizing signs of soft tissue entrapment in pediatric orbital fractures.

Main Methods:

  • A thorough review of clinical presentation, diagnostic methods, and treatment considerations for pediatric orbital fractures.
  • Emphasis on clinical examination findings suggestive of trapdoor fractures with soft tissue entrapment.

Main Results:

  • Key symptoms of soft tissue entrapment include diplopia, restricted ocular motility, nausea, vomiting, bradycardia, and orbital dystopia.
  • Radiologic evidence of entrapment can be equivocal, and surgery should not be delayed based solely on imaging.

Conclusions:

  • A comprehensive history and physical examination are paramount for diagnosing pediatric orbital fractures.
  • Early surgical intervention is critical for pediatric orbital fractures with soft tissue entrapment.
  • A multidisciplinary approach is recommended for optimal diagnosis and management.