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Clinico-Pathological Outcomes of Patients With Crescentic Glomerulonephritis: A Single-Center Study

Abdullah Z Alsuheili1, Hanadi Alhozali2, Ayar A Bukhari1

  • 1Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, SAU.

Cureus
|June 12, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Crescentic glomerulonephritis (CrGN) often leads to severe kidney damage and poor outcomes. Early detection and treatment are vital for managing this condition and improving patient prognosis.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Pathology
  • Internal Medicine

Background:

  • Crescentic glomerulonephritis (CrGN) is a severe form of rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis (RPGN) associated with significant renal failure and poor prognosis.
  • Understanding the clinical outcomes of CrGN is crucial for effective patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the clinical outcomes of patients diagnosed with crescentic glomerulonephritis (CrGN) at King Abdulaziz University Hospital (KAUH) in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective study analyzed data from 56 patients diagnosed with CrGN via renal biopsy between 2002 and 2015.
  • Data from 17 CrGN cases were collected and analyzed, focusing on clinical and histological findings, laboratory results, and renal outcomes.

Main Results:

  • The study identified cellular crescents (94.1%) and interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy (IFTA) (76.5%) as common histological findings.
  • Lupus nephritis was the most frequent underlying etiology (41.2%).
  • Factors associated with poor renal outcomes included IFTA, elevated serum creatinine, and lower GFR levels post-discharge.

Conclusions:

  • Crescentic glomerulonephritis is a significant cause of acute kidney injury with a high potential for severe glomerular damage.
  • A majority of patients (12 out of 17) experienced poor renal outcomes, highlighting the associated morbidity and mortality risks.
  • Prompt diagnosis and timely intervention are essential for managing CrGN and improving patient outcomes.

Keywords:
crescentic glomerulonephritiscrgniftainterstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophyrapidly progressive glomerulonephritisrpgn

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