Efficiency improvement of thin film solar cell using silver pyramids array and antireflective layer

In recent years, plasmonics has been widely employed to improve light trapping in solar cells. Silver nanospheres have been used in several research works to improve the capability of solar absorption. In this paper, we use silver pyramid-shaped nanoparticles, a noble plasmonic nanoparticle, inside thin-film silicon and InP solar cells to increase light absorption compared to previously published topologies. The proposed structure consists of a TiO₂ pyramid structure placed at the top of the surface working as an anti-reflective layer, silicon/indium phosphate as an absorption layer, silver pyramid-shaped nanoparticles incorporated inside the absorption layer, and an aluminum reflecting layer at the bottom. In this research, we used finite difference time domain (FDTD) simulation to model the thin-film solar cell (TFSC). Optimizing the shape and placement of the silver pyramids, we have achieved an efficiency of 17.08% and 18.58% using silicon and InP as the absorbing layers respectively, which is significantly better than previously reported studies. The open-circuit voltages are 0.58 V and 0.92 V respectively, which is the highest among other configurations. To conclude, the findings of this study laid the foundation to create an efficient thin-film solar cell utilizing the light-trapping mechanism of noble plasmonic nanoparticles.