Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 27, 2025

Characterization of Cell Membrane Extensions and Studying Their Roles in Cancer Cell Adhesion Dynamics
Published on: March 26, 2018
Galectins dysregulation: A way for cancer cells to invade and pervade
Mahmoud M Abdelfattah1, Reham Helwa1,2
1Molecular Cancer Biology Group, Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
Abstract:
Galectins are sticky molecules that bind to β-galactoside. Their interactions render them essential players in many cellular processes. The imbalance of galectin expression was reported in many diseases. In cancer, galectins interact with the extracellular matrix, evade the immune system, and potentially have broad interactions with blood components. In the last ten years, since 2010, we did focus on galectin research in different cancer types. Our findings showed an interaction between cancer cells and erythrocytes via galectin-4. Moreover, we found that upregulation of galectins was associated with lymph node metastasis in ovarian cancers. Hence, with this, we shortly review some important aspects of galectins and their potential importance in more profound understanding of cancer progression and the field of cancer biomarkers.
Related Concept Videos
Cancer Cell Migration through Invadopodia
Selectins
Activation of Integrins
In "outside-in signaling," external factors in the extracellular space bind to exposed ligand binding sites on integrins. This causes the inactive protein to undergo a conformational change to become active. Integrins are often clustered on the cell membrane. Repetitive and regularly spaced ligand binding...
Cadherins in Tissue Organization
Cell Sorting During Development
Cell sorting plays an...
Metastasis
Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition
The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition or EMT is a developmental process commonly observed in wound healing, embryogenesis, and cancer metastasis. EMT is induced by transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) or receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) ligands, which further...
Integrins
Some ECM proteins assemble into a basement membrane to which the remaining components adhere. Proteoglycans typically form the bulk of the ECM while fibrous proteins, like collagen,...

