Predicting infant feeding intention and intensity in Oman using a path analysis approach
Saada Al Barwani1, Eric Hodges2, Jamie Crandell2
1Nursing Programme, College of Health Sciences and Ministry of Health, Muscat, Oman.
Summary
Mothers' infant feeding intentions and social support strongly predict breastfeeding intensity. Returning to work/school and early breastfeeding support were associated with lower breastfeeding rates in Oman.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Maternal and Child Health
- Behavioral Science
Background:
- Low breastfeeding rates represent a significant global public health challenge.
- Oman has limited research investigating factors influencing breastfeeding practices.
- Understanding these factors is crucial for developing targeted interventions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To examine the associations between maternal sociodemographic characteristics, knowledge, attitudes, subjective norms, perceived control, prior experience, and early support with infant feeding intention and breastfeeding intensity.
- To identify key predictors of breastfeeding success in the Omani population.
- To inform strategies aimed at improving breastfeeding rates.
Main Methods:
- A descriptive, prospective cohort study was conducted in Oman.
- Data were collected from 427 mothers using a structured questionnaire and a 24-hour dietary recall at 8 weeks postpartum.
- Path analysis was employed to model the relationships between variables.
Main Results:
- Exclusive breastfeeding rates were 33.3% during hospitalization and 27.3% at 8 weeks postpartum.
- Subjective norms (social and professional support) and infant feeding intention were the strongest predictors of breastfeeding intensity.
- Mothers planning to return to work/school showed significantly lower breastfeeding intensity (r = -0.17).
- Early breastfeeding support negatively correlated with breastfeeding intensity (r = -0.15).
Conclusions:
- Infant feeding intention is a strong positive predictor of breastfeeding intensity.
- Subjective norms, encompassing social and professional support, play a pivotal role in mothers' intentions and subsequent breastfeeding behavior.
- Maternal factors and support systems significantly influence breastfeeding outcomes in Oman.
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