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Association between interleukin-27 gene polymorphisms and Plasmodium falciparum Malaria

Nada H Aljarba1, Mashael R Al-Anazi2, Tahani M Al-Hazani3

  • 1Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Innate Immunity
|June 12, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Interleukin-27 (IL-27) gene variants rs181209 and rs26528 are linked to Plasmodium falciparum malaria risk in Saudi Arabia. These genetic factors may influence susceptibility and disease severity in the studied population.

Area of Science:

  • Immunogenetics
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Malaria, caused by Plasmodium falciparum, presents complex disease courses influenced by host and parasite genetic factors.
  • Understanding host genetic variations is crucial for identifying individuals at higher risk of severe malaria.
  • Interleukin-27 (IL-27) is an important cytokine involved in immune regulation during infections.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between specific Interleukin-27 (IL-27) gene polymorphisms and Plasmodium falciparum malaria in a Saudi Arabian cohort.
  • To determine if IL-27 variants correlate with malaria risk and parasitemia levels.
  • To explore potential genetic predispositions to malaria in the Jazan region of Saudi Arabia.

Main Methods:

  • A case-control study involving 250 malaria patients and 200 healthy controls from the Jazan area.
  • Blood samples were analyzed for Plasmodium falciparum infection and parasitemia levels (low, moderate, high).
  • Genotyping was performed to assess specific IL-27 gene variants (rs181209, rs26528, rs181206) and their association with malaria.

Main Results:

  • The IL-27 variant rs181209 showed a significant association with malaria patients (P=0.026).
  • The homozygous GG genotype of rs26528 was linked to an increased risk of P. falciparum malaria (P=0.032).
  • The minor allele C of variant rs181206 was associated with low to moderate parasitemia (P=0.046), and rs181209 AA genotype with young children (P=0.049).

Conclusions:

  • Specific IL-27 gene polymorphisms, namely rs181209 and rs26528, are potentially associated with the risk of P. falciparum malaria in the Saudi Arabian population.
  • These genetic variants may play a role in modulating host susceptibility or response to malaria infection.
  • Further research is warranted to elucidate the precise mechanisms by which IL-27 variants influence malaria pathogenesis.
Keywords:
IL-27Plasmodium falciparumrs181209rs26528single nucleotide polymorphisms

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