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Related Concept Videos

Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype01:22

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Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by high blood glucose levels due to inadequate insulin production, insulin resistance, or both. The condition affects millions worldwide and can significantly impact their health and quality of life.
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. As a result, the body is unable to produce sufficient insulin, and individuals with...
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Diabetes: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Complications01:15

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For most patients, experiencing several weeks of polyuria, polydipsia, fatigue, and significant weight loss may indicate the presence of diabetes. Furthermore, adults displaying the phenotypic appearance of type 2 diabetes (particularly those who are obese and not initially insulin-requiring), may have islet cell autoantibodies, suggesting autoimmune-mediated β cell destruction and a diagnosis of latent autoimmune diabetes of adults (LADA). The categorization of glucose homeostasis is...
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Pathophysiology of Diabetes01:20

Pathophysiology of Diabetes

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Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia. The four categories of diabetes are type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, other specific types of diabetes, and gestational diabetes.
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Type 2 diabetes, characterized by insulin resistance, arises when the insulin receptors on cells lose responsiveness to insulin, diminishing the cell's capacity to take up glucose, resulting in elevated blood glucose levels. To receive a diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes, a series of blood glucose tests are necessary to assess whether the blood glucose falls within normal parameters. If the result is out of the normal range, a patient may be diagnosed as prediabetic or diabetic, depending on the...
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Diabetes: Management and Pharmacotherapy01:15

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The therapy for diabetes aims to alleviate hyperglycemia-related symptoms, prevent acute metabolic decompensation, and reduce chronic end-organ complications. Glycemic control is evaluated through short-term (self-monitoring, continuous glucose monitoring) and long-term (A1c, fructosamine) metrics, enabling near real-time tracking of blood glucose levels and reflecting glycemic control over specific time frames.
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Insulin: Dosing Regimen and Adverse Effects01:16

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Insulin-replacement therapy usually includes both long-acting insulin (basal) and short-acting insulin (to cater to postprandial needs). In a diverse group of type 1 diabetes patients, the average daily insulin dose is typically 0.5-0.7 units/kg body weight. However, obese patients and pubertal adolescents may need more due to insulin resistance.
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Updated: Jul 26, 2025

Robotic Enucleation of an Intra-Pancreatic Insulinoma in the Pancreatic Head
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Insulinoma with peripheral neuropathy: a case report.

Marco Aurélio Vinhosa Bastos1, Iago da Silva Caires2, Renata Boschi Portella3

  • 1Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Av. Senador Filinto Muller, s/n Cidade Universitária, Campo Grande, MS, 79070-900, Brazil. marco.vinhosa@ufms.br.

Journal of Medical Case Reports
|June 12, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Peripheral neuropathy from insulinoma may not fully resolve after tumor removal. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial to prevent lasting complications from this rare neuroendocrine tumor.

Keywords:
HypoglycemiaInsulinomaLower limbsPeripheral neuropathy

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroendocrinology
  • Oncology
  • Neurology

Background:

  • Insulinomas, rare neuroendocrine tumors, commonly cause hypoglycemia.
  • Peripheral neuropathy is an infrequent complication of insulinoma.
  • Complete resolution of neuropathy post-resection is often assumed but may not occur.

Observation:

  • A 16-year-old boy presented with a year of lower limb spasms, paraparesis, and confusion.
  • Electromyography confirmed motor neuropathy; insulinoma was diagnosed via inappropriately normal insulin/C-peptide during hypoglycemia.
  • Endoscopic ultrasound located the insulinoma at the pancreatic body-tail, followed by successful enucleation.

Findings:

  • Hypoglycemia resolved immediately post-surgery.
  • Peripheral neuropathy symptoms showed only partial, slow improvement.
  • Two-year follow-up revealed persistent lower limb weakness and chronic neuropathic changes on electroneuromyography.

Implications:

  • This case highlights that insulinoma-associated peripheral neuropathy may lead to chronic, irreversible nerve damage.
  • Prompt diagnosis and surgical intervention are vital to mitigate severe, lasting neurological complications.
  • Clinicians should monitor for persistent neurological deficits even after successful insulinoma treatment.