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Factors Associated with SARS-CoV-2 Infection before Vaccination among European Health Care Workers
Ihab Mansour1, Alessandro Godono2, Emanuele Sansone3
1Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Torino, Turin, Italy. ihab.mansour@unito.it.
Background:
Health care workers (HCWs) were on the frontline of the current pandemic. We aimed at identifying determinants of SARS-CoV-2 infection and the effectiveness of personal protection equipment (PPE) worn by HCWs before vaccination.
Methods:
We abstracted data on SARS-CoV-2 infection based on positive PCR results and sociodemographic characteristics of 38,793 HCWs from public hospitals and public health authorities from 10 European centers. We fitted cohort-specific multivariate logistic regression models to identify determinants of infection and combined the results using random-effects meta-analyses.
Results:
The overall prevalence of infection before vaccination among HCWs was 9.58%. Infection was associated with the presence of selected symptoms; no association was found between sociodemographic factors and increased risk of infection. The use of PPE and particularly FFP2/FFP3 masks had a different protective effect during the first and second waves of the COVID pandemic.
Conclusions:
The study provides evidence that mask use was the most effective PPE in preventing SARS-CoV-2 infection among HCWs.
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