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Related Concept Videos

Electroconvulsive Therapy01:30

Electroconvulsive Therapy

77
Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), or shock therapy, remains a critical biomedical intervention for severe, treatment-resistant depression. While its origins can be traced back to Hippocrates' observations that malaria-induced convulsions alleviated mental illness, modern ECT has evolved significantly from its earlier, more primitive applications. First introduced in 1938 by Ugo Cerletti and his colleagues, ECT involves inducing controlled seizures using electrical currents. In its early...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 26, 2025

Pupillary Response as Assessment of Effective Seizure Induction by Electroconvulsive Therapy
04:51

Pupillary Response as Assessment of Effective Seizure Induction by Electroconvulsive Therapy

Published on: April 11, 2019

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Exploring New Electroencephalogram Parameters in Electroconvulsive Therapy.

Jakob Emil Schreiner, Ute Kessler, Ketil Joachim Oedegaard

    The Journal of ECT
    |June 13, 2023
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    This pilot study reveals novel electroencephalogram (EEG) measures from electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)-induced seizures correlate with hippocampal volume changes and improved depression scores, offering new insights into ECT

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    Area of Science:

    • Neuroscience
    • Psychiatry
    • Biomedical Engineering

    Background:

    • Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is an effective treatment for severe depression.
    • Understanding the neurobiological mechanisms underlying ECT's efficacy, particularly its effects on the hippocampus, remains crucial.
    • Electroencephalogram (EEG) recordings during ECT seizures offer a potential window into these mechanisms.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate a novel EEG metric derived from the power spectrum of ECT-induced seizures.
    • To investigate the association between this EEG metric and hippocampal volume changes post-ECT.
    • To determine the relationship between the EEG metric and improvements in depression rating scores.

    Main Methods:

    • 29 patients with depression undergoing ECT had pre- and post-treatment brain MRI and EEG recordings during seizures.
    • Hippocampal volumes, EEG parameters (specifically, the slope of the power law in power spectral density), and depression scores were analyzed.
    • Multivariate linear models, optimized using the Akaike information criterion, were used to relate EEG parameters to clinical and volumetric outcomes.

    Main Results:

    • The slope of the power law in EEG was significantly steeper in the right hemisphere compared to the left.
    • EEG measures were significant predictors in models explaining hippocampal volume changes in both hemispheres.
    • Novel EEG parameters were significant predictors in models explaining clinical improvement in depression.

    Conclusions:

    • Novel EEG measures derived from ECT-induced seizures show a significant association with hippocampal volume changes.
    • These EEG metrics also contribute to explaining clinical outcome and depression symptom improvement following ECT.
    • This pilot study highlights the potential of EEG spectral analysis as a biomarker for ECT's neurobiological effects and clinical efficacy.