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Linear Approximation in Frequency Domain

Linear Approximation in Frequency Domain

Linear systems are characterized by two main properties: superposition and homogeneity. Superposition allows the response to multiple inputs to be the sum of the responses to each individual input. Homogeneity ensures that scaling an input by a scalar results in the response being scaled by the same scalar.
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Spatial post-filter for linear hydrophone arrays with applications to underwater source localisation.

Vasileios Bountourakis¹, Leo McCormack¹, Ville Pulkki¹

¹Department of Signal Processing and Acoustics, Aalto University, Espoo 02150, Finland vasileios.bountourakis@aalto.fi, leo.mccormack@aalto.fi, ville.pulkki@aalto.fi.

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Summary

A new spatial post-filter enhances sonar beamforming by improving bearing estimation and noise suppression. This filter, computed in the time-frequency domain, shows promise for targets near end-fire and in noisy conditions.

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Area of Science:

Acoustics
Signal Processing
Sonar Systems

Background:

Traditional beamformers in sonar systems face challenges with bearing estimation accuracy and noise suppression.
Hydrophone arrays are crucial components in sonar for detecting and localizing targets.

Purpose of the Study:

To introduce a novel spatial post-filter designed to enhance the performance of linear hydrophone arrays in sonar systems.
To improve bearing estimation and noise suppression capabilities of conventional beamformers.

Main Methods:

The proposed filter is computed in the time-frequency domain.
It utilizes the normalized cross-spectral density between two beamformed signals.
These signals are generated from adjacent, non-overlapping sub-arrays using conventional beamforming.

Main Results:

The spatial post-filter demonstrates improved performance compared to existing post-filters in evaluations.
Promising results were observed for targets located near the end-fire direction.
Effective noise suppression was achieved in the presence of uncorrelated interferers and diffuse noise.

Conclusions:

The developed spatial post-filter offers a valuable enhancement for sonar systems utilizing linear hydrophone arrays.
It effectively addresses limitations in bearing estimation and noise suppression, particularly in challenging acoustic environments.