Predictable Rehabilitation of Bone Deficiencies: Hygiene, Functional and Aesthetic Perspectives

The aim of this article is to describe a method for correcting bone deficiencies which may compromise aesthetic, functional or oral hygiene maintenance of implant supported restorations. The generic causes of these deficiencies are mentioned. The use of autogenous block bone grafts is described alongside methods for managing the hard and soft tissues at both the recipient and donor sites. The biomechanical advantage conferred with the use of grafts in reducing the crown:implant ratio is emphasised. The sources of intraoral bone grafts are identified and the risks of damage to adjacent anatomical structures and their avoidance are addressed.The principles of healing are briefly described with an emphasis on the increasing predictability of contact healing, as opposed to gap healing.The impact and inherent risks associated with the supplementary use of membranes for containment is also addressed.Clinical cases have been used to illustrate procedures and outcomes. Previously published data is referenced.