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The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
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Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
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PAD2: A potential target for tumor therapy.

Yi Teng1, Yuhang Chen2, Xinyi Tang3

  • 1Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China; Department of Immunology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China.

Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta. Reviews on Cancer
|June 14, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Peptide arginine deiminase 2 (PAD2) drives tumor progression by citrullinating proteins and immune cells. PAD2 inhibitors show promise for anti-cancer therapy, though challenges remain.

Keywords:
CitrullinationPeptide arginine deiminase 2Tumor,therapy

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
  • Immunology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Peptide arginine deiminase 2 (PAD2) catalyzes protein citrullination, a posttranslational modification.
  • PAD2 influences gene transcription via histone and nonhistone citrullination.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review PAD2's role in tumor pathology.
  • To illustrate PAD2's regulation of tumor-associated immune cells.
  • To discuss PAD2 inhibitors for cancer therapy.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of recent decades' evidence.
  • Analysis of PAD2's function in tumor pathology.
  • Evaluation of PAD2 inhibitors and therapeutic potential.

Main Results:

  • PAD2-mediated citrullination impacts tumor pathology.
  • PAD2 regulates immune cells including neutrophils, monocytes, macrophages, and T cells.
  • PAD2 inhibitors are being developed for cancer treatment.

Conclusions:

  • PAD2 plays a significant role in cancer development and immune response.
  • Targeting PAD2 with inhibitors is a potential anti-cancer strategy.
  • Further research is needed to overcome challenges in anti-PAD2 therapy development.