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Updated: Jul 26, 2025

A Novel Approach for the Administration of Medications and Fluids in Emergency Scenarios and Settings

A Novel Approach for the Administration of Medications and Fluids in Emergency Scenarios and Settings

Published on: November 9, 2016

Contemporary perspectives on perioperative fluid therapy.

Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association

|June 14, 2023

Summary

Perioperative intravenous (IV) fluid administration is crucial for maintaining tissue perfusion. Anesthesia affects fluid balance, necessitating individualized fluid dosing and dynamic monitoring to prevent complications like fluid overload.

Area of Science:

Anesthesiology
Physiology
Pharmacology

Background:

Perioperative intravenous (IV) fluid administration aims to maintain tissue perfusion by supporting intravascular volume.
Anesthetic agents and general anesthesia induce physiological changes impacting fluid balance and hemodynamics.
Understanding fluid compartments, balance, and drug kinetics is essential for appropriate IV fluid dosing.

Approach:

This narrative review synthesizes current knowledge on anesthesia-related physiological and fluid kinetic alterations.
It examines how these changes affect IV fluid efficacy during surgery.
A framework for intraoperative fluid dosing is presented, considering hypotension, blood loss, and overload risks.

Key Points:

Anesthesia modulates the body's response to IV fluids, potentially leading to interstitial fluid accumulation and overload.

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Intraoperative fluid management requires careful consideration of anesthetic effects on hemodynamics.

Dynamic, goal-directed methods are recommended for monitoring fluid responsiveness.

Conclusions:

Individualized intraoperative IV fluid administration is critical.
Monitoring fluid responsiveness using dynamic methods helps optimize tissue perfusion.
This approach mitigates risks associated with fluid overload and inadequate resuscitation.